Fundamentals of geometry

Gometry is a branch of mathematics that studies geometric shapes and their properties.

Let's get acquainted with the basic geometric concepts studied in elementary school .

Point

In geometry, a point is indicated by a capital Latin letter or number. Many Latin letters in writing are similar to English letters.

In the text, a point is designated by the following symbol: (•) A - point A

Straight

The words “has neither beginning nor end” indicate that the straight line is infinite.

• Through two points you can draw a single line.
• Two straight lines can intersect only at one point.
• Through one point you can draw an infinite set of lines.

Ways to designate straight lines

• Lowercase Latin:

  Direct a.

• Two capital Latin letters in the event that these letters denote points located on a straight line.

  Direct AB.

Ray

Ways to designate rays

• Lowercase Latin:

  Ray c.

• Two capital Latin letters in the case when the first point - the beginning of the beam, and the second point lies on the beam.

  Ray ab.

Section

The main property of the segment is its length.

The length of the segment is the distance between its ends.

In mathematics, a segment is denoted by capital Latin letters.

AB cut.

Broken line

The vertices of the polyline are the points at which the segments that make up the polyline are joined.

Links of a broken line are pieces of a broken line.

In mathematics, broken line is denoted by capital Latin letters.

Polyline ABCD.
The vertices of the polyline - A, B, C, D.
Links of the broken line - AB, BC, CD.

KLCM = KL + LC + CM = 3 cm + 2 cm + 2 cm = 7 cm.

So we got acquainted with the basics of geometry . Now we are ready to consider an equally important geometric figure - the angle. To do this, go to the next page by clicking on the “View topic content” button at the top of the page.