Lecture
At present there is no generally accepted definition of the concept of a «system», but all recognized definitions of this concept proceed from the premise that a system is a set of interrelated elements described by the characteristics of the system, and its creation is aimed at achieving certain goals. This presupposes the presence of a decision maker (DM), since if the system does not achieve the goals of its creation and (or) functioning, the DM formulates managerial decisions aimed at transferring the system to its optimal state, ensuring their achievement.
The analysis carried out of the definitions currently in use of «managerial decision as a process» and «managerial decision as a phenomenon» confirmed the practical expediency of using the first definition, which makes it possible to use a life-cycle scheme for an individual managerial decision.
The proposal to use, in management practice, a life-cycle scheme when developing a managerial decision is due to the following: the scheme, like the process approach, includes actions envisaged by almost all the procedures implemented in constructing a managerial decision on the basis of the process approach. However, unlike it, the scheme makes it possible to distinguish relatively independent but interrelated stages, each of which has its own implementation goal and its own content, linked to the overall goal of the entire managerial decision, which makes the very process of constructing and implementing a managerial decision more transparent and easily realizable.
For the practical construction of a managerial decision it is useful to use a simplified model of its life cycle, which links both the theoretical and the practical aspects of its construction.
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