Lecture
As was shown above, the process of shaping a managerial decision is quite complex. The search for a final managerial decision may be linked to the need for rapid processing of large volumes of information, using various methods, algorithms and rules for constructing alternative and (or) proposed final managerial decisions. The problem may be complicated by the need to analyze a large number of managerial alternatives and by the application of non-trivial rules for selecting final decisions.
It is in precisely such situations that the use of special software-and-hardware systems proves justified, which allow the DM, through the capabilities of modern electronic computers for collecting, storing and processing information, on the basis of specific models, algorithms and rules for constructing development scenarios, and also through the use of various tools, to make well-founded decisions in complex situations. It is precisely such special software-and-hardware systems that specialists often call decision support systems (DSS).
Historical background
The history of the emergence of the first decision support systems goes back to the turn of the 1960—1970s, when computers began to be used to prepare managerial decisions, processing complex models of product sales markets, inventory management and transportation. A detailed description of the history of the emergence of the DSS, the evolution of the definitions of these information systems, and their classification can be found in the deposited work of O. I. Larichev and A. B. Petrovsky, «Decision Support Systems. Current State and Prospects for Their Development» . The pioneering publication on decision support systems is considered to be Scott Morton's «Management Decision Systems» . An example of the presentation of contemporary views on the DSS can be found, for example, in an article by R. Tarasenko and I. Khrapov .
An analysis of the current state of research in the field of DSS development, carried out using Internet analytics methods , using the information resources of the domestic electronic library eLIBRARY.RU , foreign databases of scientific journals and books Scopus , Web of Science , as well as the specialized scientometric service Google Academy (Google Scholar) , shows that most works are devoted only to individual, mainly technological, aspects of the design, creation, implementation and maintenance of a DSS, often tied to a specific subject area. At the same time, studies containing methodological recommendations in the area of creating a DSS that are not tied to the specifics of implementation technology or subject domain are encountered considerably less often[10].
Nevertheless, in connection with the development of the market for the application of information systems and the need to develop, create, implement, and subsequently maintain a DSS on an industrial basis, an understanding and awareness of the methodological aspects of creating any decision support systems is necessary.
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