Lecture
Facilitation (from the English "facilitate," meaning "to help, ease, or promote") is a style of management. Facilitation differs from ordinary management in that its approach is non-directive, meaning it does not go beyond the self-organization of the system being managed. Whereas in traditional forms of management (of a group, for example) the subject induces the group to carry out their own instructions and directives, in facilitation the subject must combine not only the functions of a manager and leader, but also the role of a participant in group dynamics. Thus, facilitation represents a fundamentally different management situation. The leading international association of facilitators (The International Association of Facilitators, IAF), founded in 1989, currently has more than 1,200 members from 63 countries. More than ten people from Russia are currently registered with it. Since 2010, an annual conference of professional facilitators has been held in Moscow.
Facilitators are psychologists, consultants, and psychotherapists who work with groups.
Facilitation as a psychological technique closely resembles a symbiosis of Carl Rogers's client-centered psychotherapy — likewise employing empathy, understanding, attentiveness, unconditional acceptance, tolerance, and compassion on the part of the psychologist toward the client — and positive psychology, helping to reveal in the client optimism, trust, and the innate human abilities that a person uses without being consciously aware of them. It differs from Rogerian psychotherapy and positive psychotherapy in the following ways:
This is an activity in the course of which the facilitator encourages a person to change their relationship with the world. This work consists of the facilitator showing the client how they perceive and structure the world, and changing that perception for the client's benefit.
Everything the facilitator says and does is intended to initiate the process of change in the client and to sustain it through to successful completion. The facilitator's skill lies in being able to determine when to begin the process, how to support its course, and what the signs are that the process has been completed .
Semantic processing is one of the components of transformational processing, oriented toward people's reactions to the world. Semantic processing changes the model of the world in a direction that is useful for the client.
In the course of the facilitator's work with the client, a personal change occurs — in both the client and the facilitator.
Psychological facilitation represents a process of management that is simultaneously a construction/reconstruction of the managed system. This process is at the same time probabilistic, nonlinear, and irreversible, which corresponds to the nature of personal change. Psychological facilitation is governed by paradoxical control over the process of self-reconstruction and self-organization of the open dynamic system of the personality.
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