Lecture
Soldier (from Italian soldare, soldato — to hire, to pay wages, from Latin soldus, solidus — solidus) — a word with several meanings:
Earlier, in the Middle Ages, soldiers — mercenaries of various types of weaponry, in various states.
A soldier is the foundation of the armed forces. His duties depend on the branch of service, but include:
Maintaining combat readiness and discipline
Mastering military equipment and weapons
Carrying out the orders of commanders
Participating in exercises, patrolling, and guarding facilities
Serving on duty details, guard duty, and at checkpoints
Observing regulations and internal rules of order
Keeping property, equipment, and weaponry in working condition
Service in the army requires:
General health: absence of chronic diseases, normal blood pressure, pulse, weight
Vision and hearing: corrective aids are permitted, but not serious impairments
Musculoskeletal system: absence of injuries that limit mobility
Mental state: resistance to stress, absence of mental disorders
Fitness category: determined based on the results of the MMC (military medical commission)3
A soldier must possess:
Emotional stability
The ability to adapt quickly
The ability to work in a team
Readiness to take risks and perform tasks in extreme conditions
Stress resistance and discipline
Unquestioning execution of commands
For enlisted personnel:
Basic education: secondary (school) education is sufficient
Military training: takes place at training centers or a military unit
Qualification: assigned based on the results of training and testing
Additional skills: proficiency in equipment, radio communications, topography, medicine — depending on the specialization8
| Country | Private's salary (per month) |
|---|---|
| USA | from $2,017 to $5,000+ |
| Germany | from $2,336 to $5,542 |
| France | from $1,451 to $8,953 |
| Israel | from $345 to $850 (conscript service) |
| Ukraine | from $480 to $5000 (in the combat zone) |
| Russia | from $249 to $5000 (in the combat zone) |
Salary depends on rank, branch of service, service conditions, and allowances
Service involves risks:
PTSD (post-traumatic stress disorder)
Chronic pain (back, joints)
Cardiovascular diseases
Bronchial asthma, pneumonia
Infections (hepatitis, tuberculosis, STIs, etc.)
Mental disorders (depression, anxiety)
High risk of injury, disability, and death on the battlefield
A soldier can advance in related fields:
Sergeant, sergeant major (command staff)
Military engineer, signalman, medic
Border guard, police officer, rescuer
Officer, instructor, scout
Special services officer
Veteran — public figure, consultant, teacher
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