Lecture
A firefighter is a specialist engaged in extinguishing fires, rescuing people and property, and preventing fires. They work as part of a fire crew, responding promptly to emergencies. Their duties include evacuating victims, providing first aid, eliminating sources of fire, and analyzing the causes of fires.
Admission to firefighting service requires excellent physical fitness and the absence of a number of illnesses. Contraindications include:
Chronic diseases of the heart, lungs, liver, kidneys
Epilepsy, narcolepsy, mental disorders
Oncological diseases
Musculoskeletal disorders
Severe forms of skin diseases (eczema, psoriasis)
Addictions: alcoholism, drug addiction, substance abuse
A firefighter must possess:
Stress resistance and decisiveness
Quick reactions and logical thinking
The ability to concentrate and shift attention
The ability to act in extreme conditions
Confidence and courage
The path to the profession includes:
Secondary vocational education (EMERCOM colleges, technical schools)
Firefighter training courses
Professional development and passing performance standards
In a number of countries — mandatory certification and compliance with professional standards
In Russia, for example, a firefighter is a manual trade of the 4th–5th skill grade, with the possibility of career advancement to squad commander, watch chief, and other positions.
| Country | Average annual salary |
|---|---|
| USA | $50,000–$65,000 |
| Canada | $45,000–$60,000 |
| Germany | $40,000–$55,000 |
| United Kingdom | $35,000–$50,000 |
| Australia | $50,000–$70,000 |
| Russia | $6,000–$10,000 |
| Ukraine | $4,000–$7,000 |
Salaries depend on the region, length of service, rank, and work schedule.
Firefighters are susceptible to:
Intoxications (inhalation of smoke, toxic substances)
Heat stroke and burns
Respiratory system diseases (bronchitis, asthma)
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
Hearing and vision impairments
Musculoskeletal injuries
The following specialties are close to a firefighter:
EMERCOM rescuer
Firefighter-driver
Fire safety inspector
Mine rescuer
Resuscitation medic
Rescue diver
Health and safety instructor
Emergency rescue service operator
These professions share work in risky conditions, the need for quick reactions, and physical training2.
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