Variety of magnetic circuits

Straight chain (toroids, choke).
Branched chains (symmetrical I1 • W1 = I2 • W2, asymmetrical I1 • W1 # I2 • W2).
(transformers, etc.)


Figure 6

In parallel branches of a branched magnetic circuit with H1 and H2 and middle lines l1 and l2



Kirchhoff's laws for magnetic circuits

1st law - the algebraic sum of magnetic fluxes in any node of the magnetic circuit is 0.



The 2nd law - the algebraic sum of the magnetic voltage drops Um = H ∙ l along any closed contour is equal to the algebraic sum of the ppm.

EMU with constant magnetic fluxes


Figure 7


Toroid with thick walls




Pic 8

Absolute Magnetic Permeability and Induction