Lecture
Psychological trauma is harm caused to a person's mental health as a result of exposure to adverse environmental factors. In some cases it involves acute, severe lived experiences that disrupt the sense of safety or are accompanied by prolonged stress affecting the psyche. Psychological trauma is often associated with physical, life-threatening trauma, or accompanied by emotional shocks.
Psychological traumas disrupt a healthy psyche and can lead to mental disorders. At the borderline level, they may appear as temporary feelings of discomfort as well as persistent states involving altered formations that weaken immunity, working capacity, and the adaptive abilities of thinking.
Massive (catastrophic), sudden, and acute traumas can lead to clinical conditions in which the resulting altered states (a post-traumatic effect with underlying causes) can be harmful to health and cause a person to withdraw from observing the norms of social life (social prestige, the possibility of self-affirmation, respect from those around them, etc.).
In terms of their intimate-personal consequences, psychological traumas are divided into biologically and personally destructive ones, leading to psychosomatic illnesses, neuroses, and reactive states. The destructive power of a psychological trauma depends on the individual significance of the traumatic event for the person, the degree of their psycho-emotional protection (strength of spirit), and their resilience to particular factors.
In positivist theories (normative psychology, normative psychoanalysis, and normative management), based on the identity of the laws of thought and activity within the typicality of the organization of intelligence, various types of psychological trauma are distinguished.
The concept of "psychological trauma" became most widespread within the theory of post-traumatic stress disorder and the crisis psychology that emerged in the late 1980s. Psychological trauma is the experience of a particular interaction between a person and the surrounding world, a powerful shock.
The most vivid examples of psychological trauma are humiliation and threats to life and health.
Psychological traumas occurring against a background of severe stress are coded under ICD-10 as F43 (acute reaction to stress). When neurasthenia develops, they are assigned code F48.0.
Comments