Lecture
The concept of a communicative style denotes familiar, sustainable behaviors inherent in a given person, which he uses when establishing relationships and interacting with other people. Understanding your own communicative style and the ability to recognize the style of a communication partner are important characteristics of communicative competence.
The well-known Austrian psychologist A. Adler introduced the concept of life style into psychology, considering it as a unique combination of traits, behaviors and habits, which, taken together, define a unique picture of the individual's existence. A. Adler proposed a typology of life styles. In his classification, the scientist uses as variables two driving forces of personal development - social interest and degree of activity.
Interpersonal behaviors, outlined in the concept of Adler, received in-depth research and development in the works of the German psychologist K. Horney. The main thesis of her approach is as follows: in order to achieve a sense of security in the outside world, to reduce anxiety, a person resorts to different defensive strategies. Each strategy has a certain basic orientation in relations with other people:
V. Satir focused on the description of communication patterns, i.e. used verbal and non-verbal signs and techniques. Satir is based on the assumption that a change in external behavioral reactions can help in changing a person’s attitude to himself, first of all, to increase his self-esteem. To do this, it is necessary to present as accurately as possible, to feel exactly which behavioral patterns — intonation, body movements and postures, facial expressions and characteristic vocabulary — correspond to one or another style.
The model that allows you to present different communication styles is the so-called “Johari window” (the name is formed by the initial letters of the names of two American psychologists who proposed this model - Joseph Luft and Harry Ingam). Its essence is to demonstrate the interdependence between information about ourselves, which is available only to us, and the awareness of how others perceive us.
I know about myself | I do not know about myself | |
Others know about me | Open zone | Blind area |
Others do not know about me | Hidden area | Unknown Zone |
In their behavior, people are quite consistent, so the authors of the “window of Johari” consider it possible to talk about a person ’s communicative style depending on the dominance of a particular zone in its characteristics.
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Communication theory
Terms: Communication theory