80 Tests with Answers and Answer Keys on the Topic of Psychological and Pedagogical Correction

tests with answers on the topic of Psychological and Pedagogical Correction, see the answers at the end. Reference diagrams are provided to help with hints and systematization of the material.

.Figure 1 - Model of psychological and pedagogical correction of self-esteem in older preschoolers with severe speech disorders

Figure 2 – Model of psychological and pedagogical correction of school anxiety in younger adolescents

1. Psychocorrection, unlike psychotherapy, is characterized as:

• 1) a substantiated influence by the psychologist on discrete characteristics of a person's inner world *
• 2) targeted psychological influence on various psychological structures aimed at ensuring the full development and functioning of the personality as a whole
• 3) creating conditions aimed at correcting deficiencies and deviations in human development

2. Primary prevention in psychocorrection is defined as:

• 1) psychological work aimed at preventing relapse
• 2) rehabilitation of lost bodily functions through medication
• 3) educational and developmental work aimed at forming stable patterns of effective behavior *

3. The criterion not used to classify types of psychocorrection is:

• 1) duration
• 2) orientation
• 3) technological effectiveness *
• 4) form

4. The following is not one of the domestic principles of psychocorrection:

• 1) the principle of unity of diagnosis and correction
• 2) the principle of developmental normativity
• 3) the principle of systematicity
• 4) the principle of spirituality *

5. The "bottom-up" correction principle is defined as:

• 1) reinforcement of already existing behavioral patterns *
• 2) creating a "zone of proximal development"
• 3) accounting for various aspects of the personality and the heterochrony of their development
• 4) organizing the client's active activity

6. Symptomatic correction is based on the following psychological approach:

• 1) psychodynamic approach
• 2) behavioral approach *
• 3) humanistic approach

7. A correctional program includes all of the following blocks except:

• 1) diagnostic
• 2) reconstructive
• 3) systemic *
• 4) evaluative

At the formative experiment stage, a psychocorrectional program was developed and implemented to correct hyperactivity in students. The correctional program includes diagnostic, orientation, corrective, and evaluative blocks.

8. The orientation block addresses all of the following tasks except:

• 1) adaptation to the conditions of group work
• 2) clarifying the request
• 3) forming a willingness to cooperate
• 4) mastering certain methods of activity *

9. Evaluation of the effectiveness of psychocorrection work includes:

• 1) the psychologist's observation
• 2) the client's self-assessment
• 3) the assessment of people significant to the client
• 4) normative standards of behavioral reactions *

10. Standardized correctional programs differ from free-form ones in:

• 1) being oriented toward the present moment *
• 2) a clear schedule of work stages
• 3) optimal distribution of workload in each session
• 4) being oriented toward mastering certain components of actions

11. The role of a psychologist in a group oriented toward forming and practicing skills of effective behavior is called:

• 1) trainer/coach *
• 2) trainer (as in animal training)
• 3) teacher
• 4) facilitator

12. Psychological training in psychocorrection is distinguished by:

• 1) acceptance of the norm of mental development
• 2) a reduced role of the cognitive component
• 3) influence on the personality as a whole
• 4) comprehensive therapeutic influence *

13. The following is not among the specific features of training:

• 1) principles of group work
• 2) a specific spatial organization
• 3) medication support *
• 4) the use of active group work methods

14. All of the following are among the general training methods except:

• 1) group discussion
• 2) game methods
• 3) methods aimed at developing social perception
• 4) art therapy methods *
• 5) body-oriented psychotherapy methods

15. The orientation block of psychocorrection consists mainly of methods:

• 1) aimed at developing social perception
• 2) game methods *
• 3) meditative methods
• 4) evaluative techniques

16. Non-game techniques belong to the following subgroups, except:

• 1) aimed at developing communication skills
• 2) forming the emotional-personal sphere
• 3) identifying the leading problems *
• 4) expanding awareness of one's own problems

17. The least directive tactic is used at the stage:

• 1) evaluative
• 2) orientation *
• 3) reconstructive
• 4) consolidating

18. The structure of a corrective session in the reconstructive block depends on:

• 1) the specific tasks of the problem being solved
• 2) the characteristics of the participants' emotional working-through
• 3) the dynamics of psychological changes
• 4) the initial goals of the corrective work *

19. The effectiveness of psychocorrective work does not depend on:

• 1) the psychological characteristics of the leader
• 2) the adequacy of the corrective tasks set
• 3) support from significant others
• 4) the sex composition of the group *

20. Diagnosis of the effectiveness of a corrective group's work is carried out:

• 1) after the corrective program has been implemented
• 2) at the end of each session
• 3) periodically, as needed
• 4) all answers are correct *

21. The author of the theory of «Animal Magnetism» is:

• 1) L. Chertok
• 2) F. A. Mesmer *
• 3) R. de Saussure

22. The sources of psychocorrection as a science are usually considered to be research:

• 1) in the field of group psychotherapy (J. Braid, H. Bernheim)
• 2) into the psychological mechanisms and functioning characteristics of groups (E. Durkheim, G. Simmel)
• 3) in the field of structuralism (E. B. Titchener) *
• 4) in the psychodynamic traditions (S. Foulkes, W. Bion, T. Main)

23. The author of the pathogenetic psychotherapy of neuroses, based on the principles of relations, is:

• 1) S. S. Libikh
• 2) V. N. Myasishchev
• 3) B. D. Karvasarsky *
• 4) A. M. Svyadoshch

24. Affective groups do not include:

• 1) Gestalt groups
• 2) psychodrama
• 3) T-groups *
• 4) art therapy groups

25. The founder of self-awareness development training is:

• 1) L. Hirst
• 2) C. Rogers *
• 3) F. Perls
• 4) V. Frankl

26. The essence of the «outer explosion» in self-awareness development training consists in:

• 1) achieving maturity
• 2) freeing oneself from undesirable character traits
• 3) the manifestation of the true «Self» *
• 4) the ability to find support within oneself

27. Group analysts distinguish the following levels of the group process:

• 1) the level of current reality
• 2) the level of transference
• 3) the level of projections
• 4) the level of stereotypes *
• 5) the level of archetypes

28. Therapeutic types of intervention in transactional analysis do not include:

• 1) questioning
• 2) specification
• 3) confrontation
• 4) working alliance
• 5) illustration *

Transactional analysis (transactional analysis, transactive analysis, transactional analysis; ) is a psychological model used to describe and analyze human behavior, both individually and within groups. This model includes a philosophy, theory, and methods that allow people to understand themselves and the specifics of their interaction with others. Psychoanalysis served as the key starting point for the development of transactional analysis, however Transactional analysis, as a model, acquired a significantly more general and large-scale character. A distinctive feature of transactional analysis is that it is set out in simple and accessible language, and its underlying principles are extremely straightforward and understandable to everyone.

29. «Action methods» include the methods of:

• 1) psychodrama *
• 2) Gestalt therapy
• 3) psychogymnastics
• 4) dance therapy

Psychodrama — a method of psychotherapy and psychological counseling, created by Jacob Moreno. Classical psychodrama is a therapeutic group process that uses the tool of dramatic improvisation to explore a person's inner world. Psychodrama is one of the action methods: when a person works through their problems and needs, they do so by means of action.. It is action that allows one to quickly move beyond what one already knows about oneself; action is in some sense «more truthful» than words. We can present a problem beautifully or clumsily, but once we begin to act, miracles happen. In simple terms: «Every person has an inner world in which some imagined events are constantly taking place. We recall the past and imagine the future, conduct mental dialogues (with people who matter to us and with ourselves). Sometimes we even come into conflict with ourselves. In other words, an inner drama is taking place within us. If this drama is brought outward and acted out in roles with the help of a group of people, the result is psychodrama».

30. The «muscular armor» is the result of:

• 1) uncontrolled flow of orgone energy
• 2) chronic fixation of energy blocks on a particular muscle group *
• 3) neurotic character
• 4) dissatisfaction with communication

31. Play therapy is differentiated by:

• 1) theoretical approaches
• 2) duration *
• 3) functions
• 4) form

32. Which of the following is NOT one of the goals of art therapy:

• 1) optimizing the psychologist-client relationship
• 2) developing internal control
• 3) focusing on sensations and feelings
• 4) all answers are incorrect *

33. The Swedish school of music therapy is oriented toward:

• 1) penetrating the deep layers of personality *
• 2) describing the effect of music on the client's mental state
• 3) stimulating the client's general well-being
• 4) exploring the surrounding world

34. The dynamics of movement in «Effort System» are described by four parameters, except:

• 1) space
• 2) force
• 3) time
• 4) contrast *
• 5) flow

35. According to S. Kratochvil's classification, projective drawing does NOT use the following techniques:

• 1) free drawing
• 2) communicative drawing
• 3) joint drawing
• 4) supplementary drawing
• 5) abstract drawing *

36. The technique of rewriting fairy tales is used for the purpose of:

• 1) interpreting the fairy-tale situation
• 2) developing the capacity for decentration
• 3) diagnosis *
• 4) developing imagination and fantasy

37. Puppet therapy is based on the processes of:

• 1) the child's identification with various characters *
• 2) deep internal processing of an event
• 3) interpersonal communication
• 4) influencing the client's feelings

38. The method associated with training the understanding of others' nonverbal behavior and its development:

• 1) pantomime
• 2) psychodrama
• 3) psychogymnastics *
• 4) dance therapy

39. The method of «paradoxical intention» was proposed by:

• 1) I.P. Pavlov
• 2) V. Frankl *
• 3) J. Wolpe
• 4) B.F. Skinner

40. The method of training the client to reproduce a specific set of characteristic images for corrective purposes is called:

• 1) the Morita method
• 2) the «token» method
• 3) the imago method *
• 4) the holding method

41. The term «group dynamics» is usually used to refer to:

• 1) characteristics of the processes occurring in a group as it develops and changes *
• 2) the designation of a set of techniques used in studying relationships within a group
• 3) all of the above
• 4) none of the answers are correct

42. Which of the following is NOT among the main characteristics of group dynamics:

• 1) the group's tasks and goals
• 2) group norms
• 3) the system of rewards and punishments *
• 4) the structural-role characteristics of the group
• 5) the characteristics of group cohesion and tension

43. As a rule, phases are identified in group dynamics, among which the following is NOT included:

• 1) orientation and dependency
• 2) tension and aggression
• 3) disintegration *
• 4) formation of the working group
• 5) the working group

44. Which of the following is usually NOT among the goals of group correction:

• 1) developing basic trust *
• 2) changing the behavior of group members in accordance with group models
• 3) group members mastering new models of behavior
• 4) developing skills for resolving internal problems

45. Which types of group leaders are most effective:

• 1) liberal leaders and personally neutral leaders
• 2) commanders and caregivers
• 3) stimulators, social engineers, caregivers *
• 4) social engineers and commanders

46. Which statement correctly formulates the purpose of introducing group norms:

• 1) disciplines the participants
• 2) enhances the psychologist's authority
• 3) aims to ensure a safe atmosphere within the group *
• 4) blocks transference reactions

47. The concept of group work norms is best described by the statement:

• 1) behavioral norms existing in society, projected onto the group's work and thereby promoting the social adaptation of its members
• 2) a system of rules of conduct in the group and sanctions for their violation, introduced by the psychologist
• 3) specific rules of conduct developed by the group, aimed primarily at ensuring psychological safety within the group *
• 4) a system of behavioral restrictions ensuring the therapist's leadership and the effectiveness of the methods they use

48. Which of the following is NOT an actively operating factor in group psychocorrection:

• 1) group dynamics
• 2) the character structure of each group member *
• 3) group norms
• 4) social roles

49. In the initial phase of group correction, group members usually:

• 1) strive to be accepted by the psychologist *
• 2) strive for independence from the group
• 3) strive for independence from the therapist
• 4) strive to be accepted by the group
• 5) unite to confront the therapist

50. When experiencing a threat from the group, participants are most likely to react by:

• 1) fighting for power
• 2) giving useful feedback
• 3) reacting in a defensive manner *
• 4) using intellectualization

51. Confrontation in group psychocorrection is understood as:

• 1) conflict of positions and opinions among group members
• 2) opposition of the positions and opinions of the psychotherapist and the group
• 3) an open encounter of group members with themselves *
• 4) a way of fighting for power

52. Which of the statements best describes the tasks of the encounter group:

• 1) optimization of participants' cognitive maps
• 2) psychodynamic analysis of social behavior
• 3) psychological correction and optimization of interpersonal communication *
• 4) personal growth

53. In rational-emotive and cognitive-behavioral groups, more attention is paid to thoughts than to feelings. This helps participants become aware of:

• 1) self-denial
• 2) defenses
• 3) the tendency to talk about oneself *
• 4) depression

54. The use of role-playing games in group psychocorrection produces a number of useful effects, which do NOT include:

• 1) mastering new skills
• 2) identifying effective and ineffective behavior
• 3) repression of traumatic experiences *
• 4) preparation for real-life situations

55. The research method proposed by K. Lewin, later known as T-groups, is based on a definition of the group derived from the criteria of:

• 1) size and degree of openness
• 2) direct interaction and interdependence of participants *
• 3) the tasks set and the duration of the work
• 4) the problems that bring people into the group

56. Which of the following helps group members become aware of their own problems and resources:

• 1) precise adherence to the psychologist's instructions
• 2) discharge of negative feelings within the group
• 3) sharing self-knowledge with group members *
• 4) presenting everything to everyone

57. Which of the following statements is most correctly classified as feedback:

• 1) if I were you
• 2) you should...
• 3) when you talk about this, I feel... *
• 4) I think you are doing

58. The «Johari Window» (a diagram by J. Luft and H. Ingham):

• 1) classifies the types of insight in group psychocorrection
• 2) conveys the relationship between the conscious and the unconscious in interpersonal relationships *
• 3) describes the dynamics of group cohesion
• 4) represents the principle of combining psychological techniques with the structural dynamics of the group

59. Groups are divided into homogeneous and heterogeneous on the basis of:

• 1) sex
• 2) age
• 3) the problem or disorder *
• 4) level of education

60. «Brainstorming» is a process used by a group to solve a problem. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of «brainstorming»:

• 1) time limitation
• 2) critical evaluation of positions and ideas *
• 3) expressing as many ideas as possible
• 4) creativity matters, not the practicality of the ideas

61. Which of the following is usually regarded as the main function of a T-group leader:

• 1) the function of a behavioral model
• 2) monitoring compliance with group norms and imposing sanctions for their violation
• 3) organizing the group process *
• 4) ensuring, maintaining, and developing the leader's role as facilitator

62. The most appropriate models of group psychotherapy for adolescents are:

• 1) action-based ones *
• 2) educational ones
• 3) analytical ones

63. The optimal size of children's psychocorrection groups is determined by a number:

• 1) equal to the age of the participants *
• 2) no more than 6
• 3) no more than 10
• 4) no more than 14

64. Group forms of child psychocorrection are used in work with children starting from the age of:

• 1) 2—4 years
• 2) 4—7 years *
• 3) 7–8 years
• 4) 8–11 years

65. The duration and intensity of correctional sessions are determined by:

• 1) the richness of the content
• 2) the variety of methods used
• 3) the degree of active participation of the client
• 4) age-related normative guidelines
• 5) all of the statements are correct *

66. The «disorganization» syndrome complex includes all of the following manifestations except:

• 1) lack of discipline
• 2) disobedience
• 3) unmanageability
• 4) involuntariness *

67. False disorganization is a manifestation of:

• 1) refusal to comply with the demands presented
• 2) overly high demands *
• 3) failure to observe norms and rules of behavior
• 4) manifestation of negativism

68. Provocative forms of behavior manifest themselves:

• 1) in whims and stubbornness
• 2) in a lack of voluntary control over behavior
• 3) in the affective coloring of behavior
• 4) in inciting aggression *

69. The problem of correcting disorganization is resolved by using:

• 1) forming voluntary regulation of behavior *
• 2) the «carrot and stick» method
• 3) the method of paradoxical intention
• 4) forming normative knowledge and skills

70. As recommendations for addressing the problem of disorganization, the following is NOT used:

• 1) analyzing the behavior of others
• 2) motivating any activity
• 3) inclusion in joint activity
• 4) strictness of demands *

71. The «aggressiveness» syndrome complex does not include:

• 1) ill will
• 2) hostility
• 3) withdrawal *
• 4) conflict-proneness

72. The most difficult problem for a psychologist when correcting aggressiveness is:

• 1) eliminating the response reaction *
• 2) redirecting aggression toward another object
• 3) distracting attention
• 4) properly uniting for joint activity

73. Specific manifestations of insecurity do NOT include:

• 1) low motivation for activity
• 2) poor adaptation
• 3) shyness
• 4) impulsivity *

74. Prevention of insecurity has three strategic lines, except:

• 1) increasing the client's real achievements
• 2) changing the attitude toward the problem *
• 3) changing the attitude of significant others
• 4) changing the client's attitude toward themselves

75. A characteristic manifestation of anxiety is NOT:

• 1) restlessness
• 2) passivity
• 3) irritability
• 4) persistence *

76. Anxiety is more characteristic of:

• 1) melancholics *
• 2) sanguines
• 3) phlegmatics

77. In correcting fears, all of the following techniques are used except:

• 1) rational psychotherapy
• 2) psychodynamic psychotherapy
• 3) the existential approach
• 4) all answers are correct *
• 5) all answers are incorrect

78. The basis of fear formation is NOT:

• 1) the connection of the emotional sphere with imagination
• 2) predisposition of the type of nervous activity
• 3) psychological trauma
• 4) all answers are correct
• 5) all answers are incorrect *

79. The basis of a program for preventing exposure to psychoactive substances is:

• 1) informing about the dangers of drugs
• 2) creating a situation of success
• 3) forming a stable life stance *
• 5) developing reflection and feedback skills

80. Prevention of school maladjustment takes the form of:

• 1) personal growth groups
• 2) groups for developing communication skills *
• 3) socio-psychological training
• 4) individual correction

Correct answers to the tests

Criteria for evaluating test results for the course in psychological and pedagogical correction

See also

• [[b8359]]
• [[b7324]]
• [[b7347]]
• [[b8014]]
• [[b8015]]
• [[b8016]]
• [[b8017]]
• [[b8018]]
• [[b8019]]
• [[b8020]]
• [[b8021]]
• [[b8022]]
• [[b8023]]
• [[b8024]]
• [[b8025]]
• [[b8026]]
• [[b8027]]
• [[b8028]]
• [[b8029]]

See also

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