Scientific research: topic tests with answers

Lecture Tests

Other peoples correct answered (level of difficulty) 100% questions

Self-test questions with answers

1. Science is...

a) the development and theoretical systematisation of objective knowledge*
b) a doctrine on the principles of constructing scientific knowledge
c) a doctrine on the forms of constructing scientific knowledge
d) a strategy for achieving a goal

answer: a

2. Scientific research is...

a) purposeful cognition*
b) the development of a general strategy for science
c) a system of methods functioning within a specific science
d) a doctrine that makes it possible to critically comprehend the methods of cognition

answer: a

3. The methodology of science is...

a) a system of methods functioning within a specific science*
b) purposeful cognition
c) the reproduction of new knowledge
d) a doctrine on the principles of constructing scientific knowledge

answer: a

4. Theory is...

a) the development of a general strategy for science
b) the logical generalisation of experience in a given branch of knowledge*
c) purposeful cognition
d) a system of methods functioning within a specific science

answer: b

5.The basis of the methodology of scientific research is:

a) the diagnostic method*
b) the general method
c) the generalisation of social practice
d) a set of rules of some art

answer: a

6.Semiotics is...

a) the presence of information that must be used in teaching a specific discipline*
b) the reproduction of new knowledge
c) a doctrine on the forms of constructing scientific knowledge
d) a strategy for achieving a goal

answer: a

31. A plan-prospectus is -

a) a document on the principles of developing the topic
b) a scientific document
c) a document on the main points of the content of a future work
d) a document on the main points of the content of a future work (textbook, dissertation), the principles of developing the topic, its structure, and the proportion of the volumes of its parts*

answer: d

32. An abstract (annotation) ―

a) a document on the main points of the content of a future work (textbook, dissertation).
b) a brief description of the content
c) a brief description of the content, the intended purpose of the publication, its target readership, and form.*
d) a scientific document

answer: c

33. The table of contents and the contents page ―

a) mandatory elements of the reference apparatus of scientific and methodological works.*
b) sections of a scientific work.
c) sections of a book.
d) sections of a methodological work.

answer: a

34. A summary (from the French resumer ― to state briefly) -

a) conclusions.
b) a conclusion
c) practical recommendations.
d) a brief, conclusion-style presentation of the content of a work, most often an article or a report.*

answer: d

35.Appendices are a part of the text

a) having additional significance, but necessary for a fuller treatment of the topic: placed at the end of the publication.*
b) placed at the beginning of the publication.
c) marked out at the end of each chapter.
d) having additional significance.

answer: a

36.The subject index contains

a) a list of authors
b) a roster of authors
c) a list of the main thematic objects
d) a roster of the main thematic objects (subjects) discussed or mentioned in the text of a scientific, methodological, or reference publication*

answer: d

37.The unit of manuscript volume is taken to be the author's sheet,(one answer)

a) equal to 10 thousand printed characters
b) equal to 30 thousand printed characters
c) equal to 20 thousand printed characters
d) equal to 40 thousand printed characters (22-23 typewritten pages, printed at double spacing).*

Correct answers; d

38.A paragraph is

a) an indentation to the right at the beginning of the first line of each part of the text.*
b) an indentation to the left at the beginning of the first line of each part of the text.
c) an indentation at the top.
d) an indentation at the bottom.

answer: a

39.Characteristic of scientific text are

a) integrity and coherence
b) semantic completeness, integrity and coherence; reasoning dominates here, the purpose of which is to prove the truths revealed as a result of the research*
c) brevity
d) semantic completeness

answer: b

40.In a scientific work, the discourse is most often conducted

a) from a neutral person
b) first person
c) from the third person ("the author believes"), the first-person form is rarely used, and the second-person singular form of pronouns is not used at all*
d) second person singular

answer: c

41. The author of a dissertation speaks

a) in the second person singular
b) from a neutral person
c) in the singular person
d) uses the plural and, instead of "I", uses "we", seeking to present his opinion as the opinion of a scientific school or scientific field*

answer: d

42. An important quality for the author of a scientific text ―

a) the ability to write.
b) clarity, the ability to write accessibly and intelligibly.*
c) the ability to write intelligibly.
d) clarity.

answer: b

43. Another necessary requirement for writing a scientific work ―

a) the ability to avoid repetition, excessive detail, and verbal padding.
b) the ability to avoid repetition.
c) brevity, the ability to avoid repetition, excessive detail, the use of superfluous words, and, unless necessary, foreign words.*
d) brevity.

answer: c

44. The final qualification paper for a bachelor's degree ―

a) it is the final qualification paper.*
b) it is a diploma thesis.
c) it is a scientific work.
d) it is a methodological work.

answer: a

45.The final qualification paper for a master's degree ―

a) it is a diploma thesis.
b) it is a scientific work.
c) it is a methodological work.
d) it is a master's dissertation.*

answer: d

46.The final qualification paper for a certified specialist ―

a) it is a diploma thesis.*
b) it is a scientific work.
c) it is a methodological work.
d) it is a master's dissertation.

answer: a

47.Text highlighting ―

a) letters, marks, words, and sentences set differently from the main body of the text: a typeface of a different weight, etc.*
b) marks, words, and sentences
c) marks.
d) letters.

answer: a

48.Quoted text must precisely correspond to

a) the content of the source.
b) the objectives of the methodological work.
c) the objectives of the scientific work.
d) the source, with a mandatory reference to it and compliance with the requirements of bibliographic standards.*

answer: d

49.A table ―

a) verbal-numeric material organised into vertical columns and horizontal rows, forming a kind of grid in which every element is part of both a column and a row*
b) a part of a scientific work.
c) a form of presenting scientific material.
d) a form of presenting methodological material.

answer: a

50.Illustrative material plays an important role in scientific and methodological publications,

a) it must be extensive and thorough.
b) it must be brief.
c) it must be organically connected with the text and help the reader better grasp the essence of the book's content.*
d) it must be specific.

answer: c

51. A figure, as a drawn image

a) a reproduction of something, serves as a generic term in a publication for representing many kinds of illustrations.*
b) it is illustrated material.
c) it is a part of a scientific work.
d) serves as a generic term in a publication.

answer: a

52. A graph (from the Greek graphikos ― drawn) ―

a) it is a drawing.
b) a drawing used for the visual geometric representation of the quantitative relationship of various kinds of phenomena.*
c) it is a geometric representation.
d) it is a part of a scientific work.

answer: b

53. A diagram (from the Greek diagramma ― drawing, sketch) ―

a) it is a graphic representation.
b) it is a part of a scientific work.
c) it is a drawing
d) a drawing that visually shows the relationship between various quantities, a graphic representation of their dependence.*

answer: d

54. A diagram (scheme) ―

a) it is an illustration that, by means of conventional graphic devices and symbols, conveys the arrangement, the interrelation (links) of the parts, and the structure of some object.*
b) it is a drawing.
c) it is a part of a scientific work.
d) it is an illustration.

answer: a

55.A bibliographic description ―

a) it is information.
b) it is a part of a scientific work.
c) it is an idea of the content of a scientific work.
d) information about a printed work or other document that makes it possible to gain an idea of its content, intended readership, volume, etc.*

answer: d

56.A bibliography (list of references) contains

a) methodological remarks.
b) practical recommendations.
c) a bibliographic description.
d) the bibliographic description of the sources used and/or recommended, and it is placed in the work after the conclusion.*

answer: d

57.In dissertations, the bibliography includes

a) individual authors who have worldwide renown.
b) only those sources referenced in the main text.*
c) any sources.
d) only the authors studied.

answer: b

58.A caption to an illustration:

a) it is a part of a scientific work.
b) it is a brief summary.
c) it is the text beneath an illustration; only those sources explaining its content and linking it by number to the text to which it relates are included in the bibliography.*
d) it is an abstract (annotation).

answer: c

59.Highlighting in the text serves the purpose

a) of distinguishing parts and elements of the text by significance or structure, or of conveying additional meaning without the use of words.*
b) of drawing attention.
c) for beauty.
d) of improving the quality of the work.

answer: a

60.The main structural element of a subject index ―

a) a list of authors.
b) a conclusion.
c) a subject heading.
d) a subject heading, which is a conventional phrase that makes it possible to identify a particular segment of text.*

answer: d

61. The products of scientific and methodological activity are

a) works — the result of creative work involving the creation of something new, previously unknown, and original.*
b) books.
c) methodological guides.
d) manuals.

answer: a

62. Works are protected by copyright,

a) which is the property of the author.
b) which is part of civil legislation regulating relations concerning the use of works of science, literature, and art.*
c) which is protected by law.
d) which is not subject to taxation.

answer: b

63. The use of works is carried out mainly

a) by way of publication; for scientific and methodological works this means the publishing of books, pamphlets, monographs, textbooks and study aids, articles in journals, etc.*
b) by publishing textbooks.
c) by publishing books.
d) by publishing manuals and journals.

answer: a, not d

64. Co-authorship is -

a) joint creative work.
b) joint activity.
c) the creation of a work through the joint creative labour of two or more persons (co-authors).*
d) joint work.

answer: c

65.A review (from the Latin recensio - examination, inspection) is -

a) a part of a work containing a conclusion.
b) a part of a work containing conclusions.
c) a part of a work containing a generalisation.
d) a critical analysis and evaluation, an opinion on manuscripts of works before their publication or after their release, before the defence of a dissertation*

answer: d

66.Fundamental research is aimed

a) at creating the theory of teaching and upbringing, the theory of the content of education, and the theory of the methods and organisational forms of teaching and upbringing.*
b) at developing practical recommendations.
c) at generalising scientific results.
d) at creating the theory of teaching and upbringing.

answer: a

67.Applied research solves problems,

a) related to theory.
b) related to scientific discoveries.
c) related to scientific research.
d) related to practice; their purpose is to provide scientific means for solving these problems.*

answer: d

68.Developments contain

a) practical recommendations.
b) conclusions.
c) the final results of research in a form in which they can be directly applied in practice.*
d) theoretical generalisations.

answer: c

69.Spontaneous empirical knowledge

a) contains practical recommendations.
b) is secondary.
c) is neutral.
d) is primary, has existed for a long time and remains relevant now. In it, the acquisition of knowledge is not separated from people's practical activity, from practical actions with the object.*

answer: d

70.Scientific cognition is distinguished by the fact that cognitive activity

a) in science is carried out not by everyone, but by students.
b) in science is carried out not by everyone, but by practitioners.
c) in science is carried out not by everyone, but by specially trained people - scientific workers, scholars - in the form of scientific research using special means of cognition and research methods.*
d) in science is carried out not by everyone, but by postgraduate and doctoral students.

answer: c

71. A problem points

a) to certain difficulties in scientific work.
b) to the need to overcome it in the course of scientific activity.
c) to the unknown.
d) to the unknown and prompts its cognition, it provides for the purposeful mobilisation of prior knowledge and the organisation of obtaining new knowledge acquired in the course of the research.*

answer: d

72. The justification of a problem

a) involves the search for arguments in favour of its solution, the significance of the expected results, and comparison with other studies.*
b) involves the search for methods.
c) involves the search for arguments in favour of its solution.
d) is related to scientific activity.

answer: a

73. In the formulation of a topic

a) relevance must be discernible.
b) relevance and the novelty contained in the content, results, and conclusions must be discernible.*
c) scientific novelty must be discernible..
d) practical significance must be discernible.

answer: b

74. The object of research is -

a) it is a phenomenon.
b) it is a process chosen for study.
c) it is a phenomenon or process chosen for study.*
d) it is a phenomenon chosen for study.

answer: c

75.The subject of research is -

a) it is that to which the research is directed.
b) it is a phenomenon of the surrounding reality.
c) it is a scientific definition.
d) it is that which lies within the boundaries of the object.*

answer: d

76.An incorrect choice of the object or subject of research.

a) may lead to theoretical errors.
b) may lead to incorrect conclusions.
c) may lead to practical errors.
d) may lead to errors of both a theoretical and a practical character.*

answer: d

77.The aim of research is -

a) an idea of the result, that which must be achieved by the end of the work.*
b) the final result.
c) the direction of scientific work.
d) improving public health.

answer: a

78.The aim and objectives of research

a) make it possible to determine the logic and the main steps leading to the resolution of the problem and the achievement of the results of the work.*
b) improving public health.
c) make it possible to determine the main steps of the work.
d) make it possible to determine the logic of the work.

answer: a

79.A hypothesis (from the Greek hipothesis - basis, assumption) is -

a) a practical generalisation.
b) a theoretical conclusion.
c) a scientific solution.
d) a scientific assumption requiring verification through experience and theoretical justification, confirmation.*

answer: d

80.On completing scientific and methodological work, the results are summed up and the main thing is determined:

a) the conclusion.
b) the conclusions.
c) what new knowledge has been obtained and what its significance is for science and practice.*
d) what new knowledge has been obtained.

answer: c

81. A degree candidate is given time to present the main points of his dissertation

a) usually within 20 min.*
b) usually within 8 min.
c) usually within 10 min.
d) usually within 40 min.

answer: a

82. The procedure for the defence of diploma theses concludes with

a) conclusions.
b) the assignment of a grade.*
c) voting.
d) summing up the results.

answer: b

83. In a higher education institution, one of the mandatory forms of instruction is

a) field classes.
b) practical training (practicum).*
c) practical exercises.
d) laboratory classes.

answer: b

84. Scientific publications:

a) monographs, articles in central periodicals; collections of scientific works, materials of scientific congresses, scientific-practical conferences; popular science books.*
b) monographs, articles in central periodicals.
c) collections of scientific works, materials of scientific congresses.
d) scientific-practical conferences; popular science books.

answer: a

85.Educational publications:

a) curricula for particular levels of professional education - federal, regional, and institutional; programmes for general secondary schools, higher and secondary educational institutions.*
b) programmes for higher and secondary educational institutions.
c) curricula.
d) programmes for a particular discipline for general secondary schools, higher and secondary educational institutions.

answer: a

86.Implementation certificates:

a) issued after the approbation, at the relevant organisation, of the results of the research work.
b) the approbation of scientific results in practice.
c) a document issued after the approbation, at the relevant organisation, of the results of the research work.
d) evidence of the effectiveness of applying the research results in the practice of physical culture and sport, issued after the approbation, at the relevant organisation, of the results of the research work.*

answer: d

88.The significance of scientific work for science and practice is determined at the initial stage of the work

a) as the basis for choosing the problem.
b) as the basis for substantiating effectiveness.
c) as the basis for choosing the topic.
d) as the basis for conducting the research (problem, topic, relevance).*

answer: d

89.The following characteristics are used in assessing novelty:

a) the type of the result; the level of novelty of the result; a substantive account (description) of the result.*
b) the type of the result.
c) the level of novelty of the result.
d) a substantive account (description) of the result.

answer: a

90.In preparing a review, the official opponent studies

a) the instructions of the Higher Attestation Commission (VAK).
b) documents.
c) the published scientific works of the degree candidate on the topic of the dissertation.
d) the dissertation, the extended abstract (avtoreferat), and the published scientific works of the candidate*

answer: d

127. Of the listed methods, the following belong to the methods of scientific research in upbringing

a) questionnaire surveys,*
b) demonstration,
c) explanation,
d) instruction.

answer: a

128. Of the listed methods, the following belong to the methods of scientific research in upbringing

a) explanation,
b) instruction,
c) demonstration,
d) control tests.*

answer: d

133. When quoting:

a) every quotation is accompanied by an indication of the source;
b) the quotation is given in quotation marks;
c) the quotation must begin with a capital letter;
d) all the options are correct.*

answer: d

134. All the structural parts of a term paper:

a) are written continuously;
b) are written starting on a new page;*
c) at the author's discretion;
d) from the middle of the page.

answer: b

135. The list of references must contain sources no older than:

a) 15 years;
b) 11 years;
c) 10 years;*
d) 12 years.

answer: c

136. Choose the correct way of formatting a chapter heading in a term paper:

a) 1 Current trends and problems of contemporary society;*
b) Chapter I. Current trends and problems problems of contemporary society;
c) CHAPTER I. CURRENT TRENDS AND PROBLEMS OF CONTEMPORARY SOCIETY;
d) The first chapter. Current trends and problems of contemporary society

answer: a

137. The number of internet sources in a term paper according to GOST:

a) 4-11;
b) 5-10;*
c) 10-15;
d) 1-5;

answer: b

138. A term paper – is:

a) a communication or document whose content presents information and reflects the essence of a question or study as applied to the given situation;*
b) a qualification work for the award of an academic or scholarly degree and the qualification (degree) of master;
c) a research project aimed at systematising and generalising the available information on a problem;
d) it is the final qualifying work of a student, which is completed in the graduating year.

answer: a

139. A substantiated notion of the overall results of the research:

a) The objectives of the research;*
b) The aim of the research;
c) The hypothesis of the research;
d) The topic of the research.

answer: a

140. Not included in the overall scope of a research work:

a) the introduction;
b) the title page;
c) the appendix;*
d) the table of contents.

answer: c

141. The object of research is:

a) a process or phenomenon of reality with which the researcher works;*
b) a specific problem, certain aspects of the object, its properties and characteristics;
c) a research operation consisting in identifying the disrupted links between the elements of some pedagogical system or process which, in their unity, ensure its development;
d) a series of operations that clarify and make concrete the search-and-research activity

answer: a

142. The subject of research is:

a) a specific problem, certain aspects of the object, its properties and characteristics, which, without going beyond the bounds of the object under study, will be investigated in the work;*
b) that which, in the most general form, is to be obtained at the final outcome of the work
c) that which will be taken by the student for study and investigation
d) a scientific assumption, a supposition, whose true value is undetermined.

answer: a

143. Cognition is:

a) the ability to perceive, distinguish, and assimilate phenomena of the external world;*
b) a person's capacity to reason, representing the process of reflecting objective reality in perceptions, judgements, and concepts;
c) the historical process of the purposeful, active reflection (acquisition, accumulation
and systematisation) that forms knowledge in people;
d) the degree of consciousness, enlightenment, and cultivation.

answer: a

145. The methodological basis of research does not include: