Lecture
Ethics – is the science of morality, of the relations that develop among people, and of the duties arising from these relations. The aim of ethics is the formation of a virtuous citizen of the state. The main thing in ethics – is actions. Ethics studies two kinds of problems: 1) theoretical (the origin of morality, the essence of morality); 2) practical, that is, how one ought to act in a specific situation.
The words «ethics» and «etiquette» are perceived as close in meaning. And this is natural. The word «etiquette» is borrowed from French, while «ethics» – comes from Greek (ethika from ethos – habit, disposition). One of the meanings of the word etiquette – is a label.
The main function, or meaning, of the etiquette of the state employee can be defined as the formation of such rules of behaviour in society as promote mutual understanding among people in the process of communication.
The second most important function of etiquette is the function of convenience, that is, expediency and practicality. From the smallest details to the most general rules, etiquette represents a system brought close to everyday life.
Etiquette is one of the main «instruments» for shaping an organization's image. An institution of state service in which etiquette is not observed loses a great deal. Where, on the other hand, etiquette is present, productivity is higher and results are better.
The main requirement of modern etiquette – is harmony between inner and outer culture, when beautiful, perfected forms of external behaviour rest on a high moral culture of the personality.
Etiquette – is an element of a person's external behaviour, based on the inner qualities of the personality. This means that a person who follows the rules of etiquette must be marked by decency. Genuine breeding and good manners – are not a label.
Etiquette is formed, above all, in accordance with mores and customs. It is impossible to consider the norms of etiquette in isolation from moral and ethical principles. Etiquette without a moral basis does not achieve the main thing – a respectful attitude toward people.
Depending on the sphere of application, several types of etiquette are distinguished.
1. Court etiquette – strictly established rules
of behaviour at the courts of monarchs.
2. Military etiquette – a code of rules adopted in the army
for the conduct of servicemen.
3. Diplomatic etiquette – rules of conduct for diplo-
mats and other officials in their relations with one another and at official diplomatic events.
4. General civic (secular) etiquette – generally accepted
rules observed in communication among people, regardless of their social status and occupation.
5. Business etiquette – rules of conduct in the professional and business spheres in the process of communicating with business partners, colleagues, superiors, and subordinates, and clients, in official and business contacts.
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