59 PSYCHOLOGY IN RUSSIA OF THE POST-SOVIET PERIOD

During the Soviet era, psychology was formed mainly as a traditional science.

Paradigmatic transformations that occurred in psychology at the turn of the 1980s – 1990s, focused on social practice as their direct result. Psychology is expected to offer vectors for social practice, to discover what is not available to other fields of knowledge. In recent years, the number of institutions in which applied psychology is shown has increased dramatically. Many journals are published, which highlight the results of practice-oriented studies.

The psychology of activity in all fields (engineering, military, space, ergonomics — V. P. Zinchenko, E. A. Klimov, B. F. Lomov, V. M. Munipov, and others) is being energetically formed.

Legal psychology develops in the works of MM Kochetov, A. R. Ratinova.

New to psychology in Russia was the development of questions of political psychology, but this trend is becoming increasingly famous and is being studied by G. M. Andreeva, G. G. Dili-Gensky, I G. Dubov, P. N. Shikhirev.

With the transformation of the economic worldview in the country, certain areas of psychology have lost their relevance in terms of "profitability". In the situation of imitation of western practicality, individual currents do not tolerate testing by practice, and their formation is slowed down by this phenomenon. One of these “outsiders” is zoopsychology, studied by V. M. Borovsky, V. A. Wagner, I. P. Pavlova, G. Z. Raginsky.

Reinforced searches are underway to ensure correction of the pathologies of speech, thinking and consciousness by referring to the potentials of psychology. The psychologist performs the necessary diagnostics of the patient's mental state, providing scientifically proven prevention of subjective formation disorders in people at risk.

Neuropsychology and psychoneurology acquire their place and their problems, ratifying their own authority in the field of medicine. The so-called neuro-linguistic programming and Ericksonian hypnosis as methods of working with the subject during counseling sessions acquired the direct formation. Widespread in the West, these trends are quite young in Russia. Such activities with the population as training groups, face-to-face personal consultations, remote counseling (by telephone and by correspondence), and psychological developmental seminars have been widely studied.

The range of problems with which people seek psychological help is increasing: issues of interpersonal relations, sexual anomalies, problems of subjective growth, child-parent conflicts, phobias, deviant behavior.

The need for assistance in competent psychological stimulates the formation of medical psychology.