3. Methods of Systems Analysis

3.1. Principles, approaches, and methods of systems analysis.
Principles of systems analysis: final goal, measurement, unity,
connectivity, modularity, hierarchy, functionality, development, decentralization, uncertainty. Methodological approaches in systems analysis: systemic, structural-functional, constructive, integrated,
situational, innovative, goal-oriented, activity-based, morphological, and program-target. Methods of systems analysis.
3.2. Analysis and synthesis. The concept, essence, and tasks of analysis. The concept, essence, and tasks of synthesis. Comparative characteristics of the methods of analysis and synthesis.
3.3. Decomposition.
The concept of decomposition. Decomposition methodology. Base models for decomposition. Examples of complete formal models. Principles of decomposition. Completeness and simplicity of the decomposition model. Formal description of the decomposition procedure.
3.4. Aggregation.
The concept of aggregation. Characteristics of aggregates. Types of aggregates. The concept
of a configurator. Types of aggregate operators. The concept of classification as an aggregate operator. A function of several variables as an aggregate operator. The concept
of structure as an operator.
3.5. A general approach to problem-solving.
Content of the decomposition stages. Content of the analysis stages. Content of the synthesis stages.

Self-Assessment Questions

1. Give the main principles of systems analysis. What is their essence?
2. Explain the essence of the concept of a methodological approach.
3. What approaches exist in systems analysis? Describe these approaches.
4. What is a method of systems analysis?
5. Give a classification of the methods of systems analysis.
6. Describe the concept of analysis.
7. Describe the concept of synthesis.
8. Give a comparative characterization of the stages, results, and goals of analysis and synthesis.
9. Describe the concept of decomposition.
10. What role does the base model play in decomposition, and what models can be used as a base?
11. List the main types of formal models.
12. What determines the level of abstraction of formal base models? Explain with examples.
13. Give the main principles of decomposition. Explain them with examples.
14. What determines the completeness of decomposition? Explain with examples.
15. What do the completeness and simplicity of a base model consist of? How is a compromise between them achieved?
16. Formulate and explain the main stages of the decomposition procedure.
17. Define the concepts of "aggregation" and "aggregate".
18. What is a configurator? Give examples of configurators for different systems.
19. Which aggregates are considered operators?
20. What is an aggregate-classifier? Give examples of classifiers.
21. What type of operator is used to determine whether an element belongs to a given class? Give examples of its use.
22. What is an aggregate that is a function of several variables? Give examples of their use.
23. Describe the statistic aggregate. Give examples of its use. What risks are associated with this aggregate?
24. What are structure aggregates? Give examples of structure aggregates for different systems.
25. Formulate and explain the content of the main stages of systems analysis when solving a problem.
26. Formulate and explain the content of the main tasks of decomposition.
Explain an example of the decomposition of a specific system.
27. What decomposition strategies do you know? Describe them. Give examples of different strategies for decomposing a system.