24. Psychological foundations of learning FL.

Specificity of the subject of OI: in the lesson of OI, the teacher is engaged in the formation of new skills and abilities of speeches. communication students.
In modern methodology adopted a common approach to solving the problem of skills and abilities. Shape speech goes on 3 DOS. steps: primary skill à skill à secondary skill (Rubinstein, psychology of speech. activity).
First skill is formed on the basis of knowledge. VV Belyaev: from language knowledge it is possible to move to the primary. skills. As for speech skills, they are an image. only res. repeated repetition of the relevant skills.
Rechev. a skill is an automated component of a consciously performed activity (i.e., types of speech. activity).
Types of skills:
- language (rule-like operations, based on generalized connections).
Basics Holy Island language. skills: awareness, discursiveness, flexibility, optional situational communicative motivation (there is no communication situation).
Yaz image skills. when studied language is conscious. method. Yaz skills are a guarantee of correct choice of words, clarity of sound, correct structuring, because they serve as self-control. It is the language skills create the basis of speech. skills.
Speech skill - operation, cat. performed without the participation of conscious. automatically, due to the fact that people have repeatedly performed this operation in the past.
Skill is an established way to perform an action, d / cat. har-rny: automation, flexibility, vozm-be conscious. d / self-control, stability.
Automation skill incl. defined speed fulfilled. actions, integrity, smoothness, lack of tension, economy, readiness for to speech.
Flexibility skills - the ability to transfer.
Stages formir. skills:
1. approximately will prepare. (Students get acquainted with a new language. Material, an approximate base is created as a condition for further education. Skills).
2. situational stereotyping (stereotype + situation) (et. Workout) (automation of constant components of speech actions in analogous situations without creatures. Changes sustainability).
3. situationally varying fl. (fl. applications) (further automation of actions, formation of flexibility, skill lability, transfer to new situations of communication).
All speech skills are integral components of the speech. of skills.
Genuine speech is secondary. skill cat It is based not on knowledge, but on skills.
Winter: but man’s speech comes down to speeches. skills she introduced a creative activity
Speech skill - the ability to carry out rech. actions in usl. communicative solutions tasks based on developed skills.
Sv-va skills: productivity, hierarchy, creative. har-r, dynamism, integrity.
Formula. speech skills and mind. has happened in such a sequence: 1) the perception of the form of linguistic. sign; 2) and understanding of its content .; 3) its imitation; 4) delayed replay; 5) activation by training; 6) generalization; 7) Isp-e in speech.
These operations are arranged according to the principle of complicating forms of gradation of the difficulty of the material and the transition from conscious to involuntary operations.
When high. the degree of automation of action is controlled by consciousness not in the section. s-in parts, but in general.
Consciousness establishes compliance action tasks rech. activities Development of speeches skills and abilities yavl. the object of mastering speech or foreign language