19. Text as an object of human communicative activity. Psychological and linguistic difficulties of generating and understanding foreign language statements.

Interdisk-comn-tion - the area of ​​soc. reality, content cat. is the interaction process to-p.
Dialogue to-p - communicative action, focused on mutual understanding, involving the reproduction of K-ry, personal qualities of the individual.
The results of the dialogue can be reduced to the 3rd important indicators:

1. changes in the knowledge of the parties
2. changing attitudes and motives of behavior (there are a number of taboo topics in English society: affairs that concern business, payment, politics, religion, illness, personal affairs)
3. behavior change of communication partners

Consideration mezhkrn. dialogue related to the problem of the text. The text is an object of dialogic interactions.
The text is the result of language activity and the form of the org-tion of speech (psycholinguist. Text understanding)
The text is a factor in the formation of the personality quality in the individual, his inclusion in the interaction with the do. individuals (partners in communication) (psychological and pedagogical. understanding of the text).
Non-language text - non-verbal means of communication (sign language, facial expressions, postures, body movements - distance of communication) - mute language.
Often these are non-verbal mediums of everyday or habitual behavior; these are non-linguistic blocks of communication specific to specific peoples (especially important are translators). Translators must possess them both expressively (productively) and receptively. Min acceptable level - receptive (not d / translators) - adequate understanding.
The receptive proficiency level is non-obligatory. Comp-you - an adequate understanding, understanding, reaction.
In the last years in linguistics occurred creatures. changes, cat. could not affect the conceptual approaches to the FI:
1. The F-fskaya perspective of the analysis of language as a whole is changing: the language f-fiy is considered as a branch of the f-fi of consciousness (philosophy of mind), since any theory of speech and language requires an explanation of how our brain relates us to the world.
2. linguists refer not to the language and the text, but to the context, a cat. includes various aspects: verbal, non-verbal, to-rny, etc.
Basics context of language interpretation. and non-language. texts - conceptual s-ma.
Each society (native speaker) has its own concept. with my - a picture of the world, a cat. responsible physical., spiritual, technological., ethical. and other needs in the world. At the same time, the language is one of the Wed-in the formation of the socialization of a picture of the world
Secondly, we will lie. linguistics interprets the essence of verbal communication in a new way. It is understood as a complex soc. a phenomenon, therefore, when analyzing a language, linguists do not speak about information flows in general, but about textually organized informational sense - structured taking into account the motives and goals of communication.
The actual g / mOIA was the problem with the text. activity is a motivated exchange of texts, a never-interrupted process of purposeful generation and interpretation of whole, organized, semantic-semantic structures.
Text. The activity is different from other human activity - behavior. Behavior - manifested stereotypes of actions, learned either on the basis of their own. experience (we are talking about conscious skills), or as a result of imitating other people's patterns of action (not / little conscious skills).
Thirdly, starting from the 80s, the attention of linguists is switched to the role of human. factor in language. This led to the involvement in the conceptual apparatus of a new category - “linguistic personality”.
Conclusion: all this gave grounds for linguists to study the language as a social phenomenon included in the general-practical activity of people.
Hence the text. The activity is excellent. from speech behavior, with a cat. It is important for the student to be able to use the trained language. phenomena in strictly selected situations, the number of cat. quite observable (short-term intensive courses).
Cliché speech in standard speech
situations creates the illusion of communication and has nothing to do with creative. speech generated in the text process. activities
Creative speech à it is important to teach initiative. speech and reactive dialog. speech. Special attention - spontaneous speech.
It is important to think about the method of training. spontaneous speech (it is important to transfer speeches. samples to new situations and conditions of communication).