Lecture
The Main Directorate for Migration Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation (GUVM MVD of Russia) as a subdivision of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs. Functions of the GUVM MVD of Russia. Core tasks of the migration service. Establishment of the passport and visa service. Abolition of the passport and visa service. Abolition of the Federal Migration Service of Russia: general overview.
The Main Directorate for Migration Affairs of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation (GUVM MVD of Russia) is a key structural subdivision of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs responsible for implementing state migration policy. Its establishment was driven by the need to centralise control over migration processes, safeguard national security, and streamline migration registration and control procedures.
The GUVM MVD of Russia operates within the competence of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and performs functions relating to the registration of citizens, the issuance of migration documents, and oversight of compliance with migration legislation. This subdivision coordinates the work of regional migration units and cooperates with international organisations and government bodies on migration matters.
The principal functions of the GUVM MVD of Russia include:
Registering citizens of the Russian Federation at their place of residence and place of stay.
Issuing internal passports to citizens of the Russian Federation and processing international passports.
Organising migration registration of foreign nationals and stateless persons.
Monitoring compliance with migration legislation, including the detection and suppression of violations.
Developing and implementing measures for the adaptation and integration of migrants.
Providing services for issuing temporary residence permits, residence permits, and citizenship of the Russian Federation.
Cooperating with international organisations within the framework of international collaboration on migration issues.
The core tasks of the migration service include:
Ensuring the legality and transparency of migration processes.
Protecting the rights and freedoms of citizens of the Russian Federation, foreign nationals, and stateless persons.
Countering illegal migration.
Creating conditions for the socio-economic adaptation of migrants.
Improving the effectiveness of migration administration and introducing modern technologies into the service's work.
The passport and visa service (PVS) was established to carry out tasks relating to the issuance of identity documents to citizens and the processing of visa documents. Its creation was a response to the growing need to simplify administrative procedures in the area of passport and visa services and migration control. In the course of its work, the PVS handled matters of passport issuance, registration of citizens, and control over the entry and exit of foreign nationals.
As migration legislation developed and migration processes grew more complex, the functions of the passport and visa service were redistributed. This made it possible to optimise the work of state bodies, reduce the duplication of functions, and improve the effectiveness of migration management. As a result, the functions of the PVS were transferred to other subdivisions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, including the GUVM MVD of Russia.
The Federal Migration Service of Russia (FMS of Russia) existed from 2004 to 2016 and performed a broad range of tasks in the field of migration, including the registration of citizens, the processing of documents, oversight of compliance with migration legislation, and countering illegal migration. In 2016, however, the decision was taken to abolish the FMS and transfer its functions to the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia.
The main reasons for abolishing the FMS were:
The need to improve the effectiveness of migration management through the centralisation of functions.
The reduction of administrative barriers and the simplification of citizens' interaction with government bodies.
The optimisation of expenditure on maintaining separate agencies.
Transferring the functions of the FMS to the Ministry of Internal Affairs made it possible to integrate migration processes into the overall system of state security. This decision significantly improved coordination between the various subdivisions of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and contributed to a higher quality of performance in migration-related tasks.
Thus, the administration of the migration service in Russia has undergone considerable evolution, from the creation of specialised subdivisions such as the passport and visa service to the integration of these functions within the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. These changes are aimed at improving the effectiveness of migration management, protecting citizens' rights, and ensuring the security of the state.
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