Lecture
The system for ensuring the national security of the Russian Federation is created and developed in accordance with the Constitution of the Russian Federation, federal laws, decrees and directives of the President of the Russian Federation, resolutions and orders of the Government of the Russian Federation, and federal programmes in this field.
The basis of the system for ensuring the national security of the Russian Federation is composed of the bodies, forces and means of ensuring national security, which implement measures of a political, legal, organisational, economic, military and other character aimed at ensuring the security of the individual, society and the state.
The powers of the bodies and forces for ensuring the national security of the Russian Federation, their composition, and the principles and procedures of their operation are determined by the relevant legislative acts of the Russian Federation.
The following take part in the formation and implementation of the policy of ensuring the national security of the Russian Federation:
The President of the Russian Federation – directs, within the limits of his constitutional powers, the bodies and forces for ensuring the national security of the Russian Federation; authorises actions to ensure national security; in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, forms, reorganises and abolishes the bodies and forces for ensuring national security subordinate to him; issues addresses, appeals and directives on problems of national security; and in his annual addresses to the Federal Assembly clarifies particular provisions of the National Security Concept of the Russian Federation and determines the directions of the country's current domestic and foreign policy.
The Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation – on the basis of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and upon the submission of the President of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Russian Federation, forms the legislative framework in the field of ensuring the national security of the Russian Federation.
The Government of the Russian Federation – within the limits of its powers and taking account of the priorities in the field of ensuring the national security of the Russian Federation formulated in the annual addresses of the President of the Russian Federation to the Federal Assembly, coordinates the activity of the federal bodies of executive power, as well as of the bodies of executive power of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, and formulates, in the established manner, the articles of the federal budget for the implementation of specific targeted programmes in this field.
The Security Council of the Russian Federation was created in the spring of 1992. The Security Council of the Russian Federation comprises: the chairman, the secretary, permanent members and members of the Security Council. The President of the Russian Federation is ex officio Chairman of the Security Council. Depending on the content of the question under consideration, the Security Council of the Russian Federation may involve other persons in its sessions in the capacity of consultants.
The Security Council carries out work on the anticipatory identification and assessment of threats to the national security of the Russian Federation, promptly prepares for the President of the Russian Federation draft decisions on their prevention, develops proposals in the field of ensuring the national security of the Russian Federation, as well as proposals for clarifying particular provisions of the National Security Concept of the Russian Federation, coordinates the activity of the forces and bodies for ensuring national security, and monitors the implementation of decisions in this field by the federal bodies of executive power and the bodies of executive power of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
Sessions of the Security Council of the Russian Federation are held not less than once a month. Where necessary, extraordinary sessions of the Council may be held. The permanent members of the Security Council of the Russian Federation have equal rights in the adoption of decisions. Members of the Security Council take part in its work with the right of a consultative vote. Decisions of the Security Council of the Russian Federation are adopted at its session by the permanent members of the Security Council by a simple majority of votes of their total number and enter into force after approval by the Chairman of the Security Council. Decisions of the Security Council on matters of ensuring security are formalised by decrees of the President of the Russian Federation.
The federal bodies of executive power – ensure the execution of the legislation of the Russian Federation and of the decisions of the President of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Russian Federation in the field of the national security of the Russian Federation; within the limits of their competence, they draft normative legal acts in this field and submit them to the President of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Russian Federation.
The bodies of executive power of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation – interact with the federal bodies of executive power on matters of the execution of the legislation of the Russian Federation and of the decisions of the President of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Russian Federation in the field of the national security of the Russian Federation, as well as of the federal programmes, plans and directives issued by the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation in the field of the military security of the Russian Federation; jointly with the bodies of local self-government they carry out measures to involve citizens, public associations and organisations in providing assistance in solving problems of national security in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation; and they submit to the federal bodies of executive power proposals for improving the system of ensuring the national security of the Russian Federation.
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