Lecture
Prolepsis (from Ancient Greek πρόληψις — supposition, presentiment, foresight) — a figure of speech used in three senses:
1. The mention of future events or properties as though already expected. For example:
Along the walls of Florence, at full gallop,
their victim rode, together with the murderers
— John Keats
In cinema, the analogous device is the flash-forward.
2. The anticipation by the narrator of expected objections or doubts, and their refutation. This form is also often called procatalepsis.
3. The simultaneous use of a noun and the pronoun that replaces it. For example:
Supper, it’s on the stove. Ivanov and Sidorov — these we shall call.
Cataphora
| Figures of speech | |
|---|---|
| Figures |
Adynaton • Allusion • Amplification • Anadiplosis • Anacoluthon • Anaphora • Antithesis • Antitheton • Apocope • Apostrophe • Attraction • Asyndeton • Hyperbaton •Homeoteleuton • Gradation (Climax, Anticlimax) • Distinctio • Zeugma • Isocolon • Nominative of theme • Inversion • Correctio • Mesarchia •Polyptoton (case variation) • Polysyndeton • Oxymoron • Parallelism • Paronomasia • Parcellation • Periphrasis • Pleonasm • Prolepsis • Retardation •Rhetorical question • Rhetorical exclamation • Rhetorical address • Symploce • Solecism • Tautology • Exact repetition • Aposiopesis • Chiasmus • Exergasia •Ellipsis • Emphasis • Epiphora |
| Tropes |
Allegory • Antiphrasis • Asteism • Antonomasia • Hyperbole • Dysphemism • Irony • Pun • Catachresis • Litotes • Meiosis • Metaphor • Metonymy • Personification •Pathos • Periphrasis • Sarcasm • Synecdoche • Simile • Euphemism • Epithet |
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