Lecture
Each exam ticket contains two questions. The first question relates to the theoretical, foundational part of the course, while the second question is devoted
to applying political economy to
explaining phenomena and trends of contemporary socio-economic life.
1. The subject and method of political economy.
2. Productive forces and production relations.
3. Economics: its interaction with technological development and social processes. Economics and politics.
4. Formational and civilizational approaches to the study of economic systems.
5. The dialectical method: studying contradictions and development as the key to understanding the essence of socio-economic phenomena.
6. Labor: types, the dual character of labor, the social division of labor.
7. The labor theory of value and the Marxist theory of commodity production and the market.
8. The labor theory of value and the theory of marginal utility: a comparative analysis.
9. The theory of the commodity and value in classical political economy.
10. Money: definition, functions, the contradiction of money.
11. Capital: classical and neoclassical interpretations.
12. Surplus value: definition, types, the formal and real subordination of labor to capital.
13. Reproduction as a problem of classical political economy.
14. The classical political-economic theory of crises.
15. Property, classes, and economic interests.
16. Karl Marx's theory of exploitation.
17. Classes: basic characteristics. Social stratification in capitalist society.
18. The problem of "failures" of the market and the state.
19. The main interpretations of the place and functions of the state in economic life.
20. Social (state) regulation of the economy: a political-economic view.
1. Political economy and economics: a comparative analysis of their subject, method, and treatment of the market, value, capital, and the human being.
2. What classical (Marxist) political economy explains and what it does not explain.
3. Which problems of economic life cannot be solved solely within the neoclassical paradigm?
4. The potential and limits of mathematical modeling in economics.
5. Economic systems: features of transformations.
6. The specifics of the commodity in the 21st century.
7. The specifics of money in the 21st century.
8. The specifics of capital in the 21st century.
9. The specifics of human capital in the 21st century.
10. The specifics of social capital in the 21st century.
11. The first world crisis of the 21st century: nature and causes (the re-actualization of Marxism).
12. Intellectual private property: positive and negative consequences for economic development (a political-economic approach).
13. Prospects for private and social property in the global knowledge economy (intellectual private property and everyone's ownership of everything).
14. The theory of exploitation in the 21st century.
15. Classes in the 21st century (changes in the working class, R. Florida's creative class, the precariat).
16. Macroeconomic planning in a market economy: goals and means
17. The role of the state in overcoming crisis: economic liberalism vs. social regulation.
18. The transformation of reproduction relations under late capitalism.
19. Economic growth: the relationship between quantitative and qualitative parameters.
20. [Post]classical political economy: its potential for solving problems of socio-economic policy.
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