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Functions Domain of definition and values ​​Parity and oddness Periodicity Increasing, decreasing function Conversion of graphs of functions

Lecture




A numerical function with a domain D is a correspondence, whereby each number x in the set D is assigned, according to some rule, a single number y depending on x.

Notation: y = f (x) The

independent variable x is the argument of the function f.
The number y corresponding to x is the value of the function f at the point x.

Function graph



The graph of the function f is the set of all points (x; y) of the coordinate plane, where y = f (x), and x "runs through" the entire domain of definition of the function f.

Graphs of elementary functions

Functions Domain of definition and values ​​Parity and oddness Periodicity Increasing, decreasing function Conversion of graphs of functions

Function Definition Area



The domain of the function is the set of values ​​of x for which the actions specified in rule f are performed.
Denoted by OOF or D (f).
From the geometrical point of view, the OOF is the projection of the graph of this function on the OX axis.

Functions Domain of definition and values ​​Parity and oddness Periodicity Increasing, decreasing function Conversion of graphs of functions

Function value area



The domain of a function is the set of values ​​of the function f (x), which it takes when changing x on the PLA.
Denoted by OZF or E (f).
From the geometrical point of view, the OZF is a projection of the graph on the OY axis.

Functions Domain of definition and values ​​Parity and oddness Periodicity Increasing, decreasing function Conversion of graphs of functions

Parity and oddness of functions



The function f is called even if for any x from the OOF
f (-x) = f (x) The

graph of the even function is symmetric about the axis OY.

A function f is called odd if, for any x from the OOF, f (-x) = - f (x)



The graph of the odd function is symmetric about the origin.

Functions Domain of definition and values ​​Parity and oddness Periodicity Increasing, decreasing function Conversion of graphs of functions

Algorithm for determining the parity of a single variable function

Functions Domain of definition and values ​​Parity and oddness Periodicity Increasing, decreasing function Conversion of graphs of functions

Functions Domain of definition and values ​​Parity and oddness Periodicity Increasing, decreasing function Conversion of graphs of functions

Frequency of functions



A function is called periodic with a period T ≠ 0 if for any x from an OOF,
f (x + T) = f (x) = f (x - T).

To plot the periodicity of a function with a period T, it suffices to plot on a segment of length T and transfer the resulting graph in parallel to the distance nT to the right and left along the axis OX (n is any natural number).

Functions Domain of definition and values ​​Parity and oddness Periodicity Increasing, decreasing function Conversion of graphs of functions

Functions Domain of definition and values ​​Parity and oddness Periodicity Increasing, decreasing function Conversion of graphs of functions

Increase, decrease of functions



The function f grows on the set P if, for any x1 and x2 from the set P, such that x2> x1, the inequality f (x2)> f (x1) holds.

The function f decreases on the set P if, for any x1 and x2 from the set P, such that x2> x1, the inequality f (x2)

Functions Domain of definition and values ​​Parity and oddness Periodicity Increasing, decreasing function Conversion of graphs of functions

Functions Domain of definition and values ​​Parity and oddness Periodicity Increasing, decreasing function Conversion of graphs of functions

Conversion function graphs



Let the graph of the function y = f (x) be given .
Functions Domain of definition and values ​​Parity and oddness Periodicity Increasing, decreasing function Conversion of graphs of functions

Then:

1. The graph of the function y = f (–x) is obtained by a symmetric display of the graph y = f (x) about the axis OY:
Functions Domain of definition and values ​​Parity and oddness Periodicity Increasing, decreasing function Conversion of graphs of functions

2. The graph of the function y = –f (x) is obtained by a symmetric display of the graph y = f (x) about the axis OX:
Functions Domain of definition and values ​​Parity and oddness Periodicity Increasing, decreasing function Conversion of graphs of functions

3. Graph of the function y = | f (x) | is obtained as follows: we circle that part of the graph of the function y = f (x), which lies above the axis OX, and the part below which is displayed symmetrically with the axis OX:
Functions Domain of definition and values ​​Parity and oddness Periodicity Increasing, decreasing function Conversion of graphs of functions

4. The graph of the function y = f (| x |) is obtained as follows: we discard the part of the graph of the function y = f (x) lying to the left of the OY axis, circle the portion of the graph of the function y = f (x) that lies to the right of the OY axis and display it symmetric to the OY axis:
Functions Domain of definition and values ​​Parity and oddness Periodicity Increasing, decreasing function Conversion of graphs of functions

5. The graph of the function y = f (x – a) + b is obtained by plotting the function y = f (x) in the new coordinate system X`0`Y`, where 0` (a, b), 0`X` || 0x, 0`Y` || 0Y:
Functions Domain of definition and values ​​Parity and oddness Periodicity Increasing, decreasing function Conversion of graphs of functions

6. The graph of the function y = f (m * x), m> 0, is obtained from this 1 / m time stretch (if m <0) from the OY axis (along the OX axis) and being compressed m times (m> 1) to the axis OY:
Functions Domain of definition and values ​​Parity and oddness Periodicity Increasing, decreasing function Conversion of graphs of functions

7. The graph of the function y = k * f (x), k> 0, is obtained from the given tension by a factor of k (k> 1) relative to the axis OX (along the axis OY) and compression by 1 / k times (for k <1) to the axis OX:
Functions Domain of definition and values ​​Parity and oddness Periodicity Increasing, decreasing function Conversion of graphs of functions

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HANDBOOK ON MATHEMATICS, SCHOOL MATHEMATICS, HIGHER MATHEMATICS

Terms: HANDBOOK ON MATHEMATICS, SCHOOL MATHEMATICS, HIGHER MATHEMATICS