The concept of creolized text

The message contained in the text can be presented verbally (verbal text) or iconically, i.e. figuratively (Greek eikon ) - image).

The main task of the author is to provide the recipient (in this case, the reader) with the most favorable conditions for understanding the text. Therefore, taking into account the nature and purpose of the text, the author may vary his appeal to certain means of expression. The combination of verbal and non-verbal, graphic means of information transfer forms a creolized (mixed type) text [1]. Interacting with each other, verbal and iconic texts ensure the integrity and coherence of the work, its communicative effect.

Creolized texts can be texts with partial creolization and texts with full creolization [2]. In the first group, the verbal and iconic components enter into autosemantic relations, when the verbal part is relatively autonomous and the graphic elements of the text are optional. This combination is often found in newspaper, popular science, and artistic texts. Greater cohesion, fusion of components is found in texts with full creolization, in which synsemantic relations are established between the verbal and iconic components: the verbal text depends entirely on the visual row, and the image itself acts as an obligatory (mandatory) element of the text. Such dependence is usually observed in advertising (poster, caricature, announcements, etc.), as well as in scientific and especially scientific and technical texts.

The iconic component of the text can be represented by illustrations (photographs, drawings), diagrams, tables, symbolic images, formulas, etc.

Verbal and pictorial components are connected at the content, content-compositional and content-language level. The preference of a particular type of communication is determined by the communicative task and the functional purpose of the creolized text as a whole.

The most autonomous in relation to the verbal text are artistic and figurative illustrations of the artistic text. The author of the verbal text and the illustrator have one common goal setting, they are connected by a single theme, the plot, but the artist as a creative person, with his outlook on things, although formally follows the plot and compositional line of the text, reflects his illustration of the subject of the image in illustrations. Since the pictorial series strongly influences perception, is perceived as something integral with less tension than the verbal text, it may happen that the illustrations, especially if they are made by a talented artist, will “eclipse” the images drawn verbally and will exist by themselves and through them the perception of the verbal text will go, since they not only accompany the literary text, but figuratively, clearly interpret it. To avoid this, many writers fundamentally deny the illustration of their works.

Famous artistic-shaped illustrations A.N. Benoit to the "Bronze Horseman" A.S. Pushkin, M.A. Vrubel to Anna Karenina by L.N. Tolstoy, to the "Demon" M. Yu. Lermontov, Kukryniks to the “Dead Souls” N.V. Gogol, Yu.A. Vasnetsov to children's books ("Ladushki", "Rainbow arc"), A.D. Goncharov to the works of F.M. Dostoevsky and other artists exist quite independently as works of art. The main task of artistic-figurative illustrations is the emotional expression of the meaning of literary works, which is why they turn out to be subjective.

In the texts of scientific, especially scientific and technical, the pictorial series has a different purpose, cognitive. This is such an element of the text, without which the text loses its cognitive essence, i.e. ultimately its textuality. For example, in physico-mathematical, chemical texts, in texts devoted to technical developments, formulas, symbolic images, graphs, tables, technical drawings, geometric figures and other graphic elements are semantic components of the text that convey the main content of the text. Moreover, the verbal text in such cases becomes only a connecting and introducing link, constitutes a kind of frame, “packaging material”.

In general, the pictorial series in the form of illustrations of artistic, figurative, decorative, educational and verbal components create a single image of creolized text as an object of verbal and visual communication.