Step 1: Create the Project - Symfony - an overview

Lecture

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install a CMS application template using the Symfony CMF edition.

Step 1 — Download the Symfony CMF sandbox using the following command.

composer create-project symfony-cmf/sandbox cmf-sandbox

This will download Symfony CMF.

Step 2 — Try configuring it by answering a few questions. For all the questions, choose the default answer, except for the database. For the database, choose pdo_sqlite. You may need to enable the sqlite extension in PHP if it is not already installed.

Step 3 — Create a demo database using the console application as follows.

php app/console doctrine:database:create

Step 4 — Load the demo data into the database using the following command.

php app/console doctrine:phpcr:init:dbal --force
php app/console doctrine:phpcr:repository:init
php app/console doctrine:phpcr:fixtures:load -n

Step 5 — Now run the application using the following command.

php app/console server:run

Step 6 — Finally, open the application in the browser using http: // localhost: 8000 /.

This will give the following result —

Symfony - an overview of its features with examples

Symfony — Working Example

In this chapter, we will learn how to create a complete MVC-based BookStore application in the Symfony Framework. The steps are as follows.

Step 1: Create the Project

Let us create a new project named “BookStore” in Symfony using the following command.

symfony new BookStore

Step 2: Create the Controller and Route

Create BooksController in the “src / AppBundle / Controller” directory. It is defined as follows.

BooksController.php



Now that we have created BooksController, let us create the view to render the action.

Step 3: Create the View

Let us create a new folder named “Books” in the “app / Resources / views /” directory. Inside the folder, create a file “author.html.twig” and add the following changes.

author.html.twig

 Simple book store application


Now let us render the view in the BooksController class. It is defined as follows.

BooksController.php

render('books/author.html.twig');
   }
}


At this point, we have created the basic BooksController, and the result is displayed. You can check the result in the browser using the URL “http: // localhost: 8000 / books / author”.

Step 4: Database Configuration

Configure the database in the “app / config / parameters.yml” file.

Open the file and add the following changes.


parameter.yml

# This file is auto-generated during the composer install
parameters:
   database_driver: pdo_mysql
   database_host: localhost
   database_port: 3306
   database_name: booksdb
   database_user: 
   database_password: 
   mailer_transport: smtp
   mailer_host: 127.0.0.1
   mailer_user: null
   mailer_password: null
   secret: 0ad4b6d0676f446900a4cb11d96cf0502029620d

   doctrine:
      dbal:
      driver:   pdo_mysql
      host:     '%database_host%'
      dbname:   '%database_name%'
      user:     '%database_user%'
      password: '%database_password%'
      charset: utf8mb4


Now Doctrine can connect to your “booksdb” database.

Step 5: Create the Database

Run the following command to create the “booksdb” database. This step is used to bind the database in Doctrine.

php bin/console doctrine:database:create


After executing the command, it automatically generates an empty “booksdb” database. You can see the following response on your screen.

This will give the following result —

Created database `booksdb` for connection named default


Step 6: Mapping Information

Create the Book entity class in the Entity directory, which is located at “src / AppBundle / Entity”.

You can map the Book class directly using annotations. It is defined as follows.

Book.php

Add the following code to the file.



Here, the table name is optional.

If the table name is not specified, it will be determined automatically based on the entity class name.

Step 7: Bind the Entity

Doctrine generates simple entity classes for you. This will help you build any entity.

Run the following command to generate the entity.

php bin/console doctrine:generate:entities AppBundle/Entity/Book


Then you will see the following result, and the entity will be updated.

Generating entity "AppBundle\Entity\Book”
   > backing up Book.php to Book.php~
   > generating AppBundle\Entity\Book


Book.php

id;
   }

   /**
      * Set name
      *
      * @param string $name
      *
      * @return Book
   */
   public function setName($name) {
      $this->name = $name;
      return $this;
   }

   /**
      * Get name
      *
      * @return string
   */
   public function getName() {
      return $this->name;
   }

   /**
      * Set author
      *
      * @param string $author
      *
      * @return Book
   */
   public function setAuthor($author) {
      $this->author = $author;
      return $this;
   }

   /**
      * Get author
      *
      * @return string
   */
   public function getAuthor() {
      return $this->author;
   }

   /**
      * Set price
      *
      * @param string $price
      *
      * @return Book
   */
   public function setPrice($price) {
      $this->price = $price;
      return $this;
   }

   /**
      * Get price
      *
      * @return string
   */
   public function getPrice() {
      return $this->price;
   }
}



Step 8: Validate the Mapping

After creating the entities, you should validate the mappings using the following command.

php bin/console doctrine:schema:validate


This will give the following result —

[Mapping]  OK - The mapping files are correct
[Database] FAIL - The database schema is not in sync with the current mapping file.


Since we have not created the Books table, the entity is not in sync. Let us create the Books table using the Symfony command in the next step.

Step 9: Create the Schema

Doctrine can automatically create all the database tables needed for the Book entity. This can be done using the following command.

php bin/console doctrine:schema:update --force


After executing the command, you will see the following response.

Updating database schema...
Database schema updated successfully! "1" query was executed


Now validate the schema again, using the following command.

php bin/console doctrine:schema:validate


This will give the following result —

[Mapping]  OK - The mapping files are correct.
[Database] OK - The database schema is in sync with the mapping files.


Step 10: Getter and Setter

As seen in the “Bind the Entity” section, the following command generates all the getter and setter methods for the Book class.

$ php bin/console doctrine:generate:entities AppBundle/Entity/Book


Step 11: Fetch Objects from the Database

Create a method in BooksController that will display the book details.

BooksController.php

/**
   * @Route("/books/display", name="app_book_display")
*/
public function displayAction() {
   $bk = $this->getDoctrine()
   ->getRepository('AppBundle:Book')
   ->findAll();
   return $this->render('books/display.html.twig', array('data' => $bk));
}


Step 12: Create the View

Let us create a view that points to the display action. Go to the views directory and create a file “display.html.twig”. Add the following changes to the file.

display.html.twig

{% extends 'base.html.twig' %}
{% block stylesheets %}
   
{% endblock %}
{% block body %}
   Books database application!
   
      {% for x in data %}
      
      {% endfor %}
   
      
         Name
         Author
         Price
      

         {{ x.Name }}
         {{ x.Author }}
         {{ x.Price }}
      
{% endblock %}


You can get the result by requesting the URL “http: // localhost: 8000 / books / display” in the browser.


Result



Step 13: Add the Book Form

Let us create the functionality to add a book to the system. Create a new page, the newAction method in BooksController as follows.

// use section
use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Request;
use Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\TextType;
use Symfony\Component\Form\Extension\Core\Type\SubmitType;

// methods section
/**
   * @Route("/books/new")
*/

public function newAction(Request $request) {
   $stud = new StudentForm();
      $form = $this->createFormBuilder($stud)
         ->add('name', TextType::class)
         ->add('author', TextType::class)
         ->add('price', TextType::class)
         ->add('save', SubmitType::class, array('label' => 'Submit'))
         ->getForm();
   return $this->render('books/new.html.twig', array('form' => $form->createView(),));
}


Step 14: Create the View for the Book Form

Let us create a view that points to the new action. Go to the views directory and create a file “new.html.twig”. Add the following changes to the file.

{% extends 'base.html.twig' %}
{% block stylesheets %}
   
{% endblock %}
{% block body %}
   Book details:
   
      {{ form_start(form) }}
      {{ form_widget(form) }}
      {{ form_end(form) }}
   
{% endblock %}


It will output the following screen as the result —



Step 15: Collect the Book Information and Save It

Let us modify the newAction method and include code to handle the form submission. Also save the book information to the database.

/**
   * @Route("/books/new", name="app_book_new")
*/
public function newAction(Request $request) {
   $book = new Book();
   $form = $this->createFormBuilder($book)
      ->add('name', TextType::class)
      ->add('author', TextType::class)
      ->add('price', TextType::class)
      ->add('save', SubmitType::class, array('label' => 'Submit'))
      ->getForm();

   $form->handleRequest($request);

   if ($form->isSubmitted() && $form->isValid()) {
      $book = $form->getData();
      $doct = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();

      // tells Doctrine you want to save the Product
      $doct->persist($book);

      //executes the queries (i.e. the INSERT query)
      $doct->flush();

      return $this->redirectToRoute('app_book_display');
   } else {
      return $this->render('books/new.html.twig', array(
         'form' => $form->createView(),
      ));
   }
}



Once the book is saved to the database, redirect it to the book display page.

Step 16: Update the Book

To update a book, create an action, updateAction, and add the following changes.

/**
   * @Route("/books/update/{id}", name = "app_book_update" )
*/
public function updateAction($id, Request $request) {
   $doct = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();
   $bk = $doct->getRepository('AppBundle:Book')->find($id);

   if (!$bk) {
      throw $this->createNotFoundException(
         'No book found for id '.$id
      );
   }
   $form = $this->createFormBuilder($bk)
      ->add('name', TextType::class)
      ->add('author', TextType::class)
      ->add('price', TextType::class)
      ->add('save', SubmitType::class, array('label' => 'Submit'))
      ->getForm();

   $form->handleRequest($request);

   if ($form->isSubmitted() && $form->isValid()) {
      $book = $form->getData();
      $doct = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();

      // tells Doctrine you want to save the Product
      $doct->persist($book);

      //executes the queries (i.e. the INSERT query)
      $doct->flush();
      return $this->redirectToRoute('app_book_display');
   } else {
      return $this->render('books/new.html.twig', array(
         'form' => $form->createView(),
      ));
   }
}


Here we handle two functions. If the request contains only the id, we fetch it from the database and show it in the book form. And, if the request contains the complete book information, we update the data in the database and redirect to the book display page.

Step 17: Delete an Object

To delete an object, you need to call the remove () method of the entity manager (Doctrine).

This can be done using the following code.

/**
   * @Route("/books/delete/{id}", name="app_book_delete")
*/
public function deleteAction($id) {
   $doct = $this->getDoctrine()->getManager();
   $bk = $doct->getRepository('AppBundle:Book')->find($id);

   if (!$bk) {
      throw $this->createNotFoundException('No book found for id '.$id);
   }
   $doct->remove($bk);
   $doct->flush();
   return $this->redirectToRoute('app_book_display');
}


Here we deleted the book and redirected to the book display page.

Step 18: Enable the Add / Edit / Delete Feature on the Display Page

Now update the body block in the display view and include the add / edit / delete links as follows.

{% block body %}
   Books database application!
   
      Add
   
   
      {% for x in data %}
      
      {% endfor %}
   
      
         Name
         Author
         Price
         
         
      

         {{ x.Name }}
         {{ x.Author }}
         {{ x.Price }}
         Edit
         Delete
      
{% endblock %}



It will output the following screen as the result —



Symfony consists of a set of PHP components, an application framework, a community and a philosophy. Symfony is extremely flexible and capable of meeting all the requirements of experienced users and professionals, and is the ideal choice for everyone starting out with PHP.

  Продолжение:
       
  Часть 1 Symfony - an overview of its features with examples  
   Часть 2 Controller - Symfony - an overview of its features with  
   Часть 3 Validation Example - Symfony - an overview of its features  
   Часть 4 Step 1: Create the Project - Symfony - an overview