Content
- 1 Classification of operating systems
- 2Early, historically significant
- 3 Proprietary
- 3.1Acorn
- 3.2Amiga
- 3.3Atari ST
- 3.4Apple / Macintosh
- 3.5 Be Corporation
- 3.6Novell
- 3.7DEC / Compaq / HP
- 3.8IBM
- 3.9ICT / ICL
- 3.10Microsoft
- 3.11Strawberry Development Group.
- 3.12Sun Microsystems
- 3.13Other proprietary Unix-like and other POSIX-compatible operating systems.
- 4Free
- 4.1Open Source Unix-like
- 4.2 Research Unix-like
- 4.3 Research non-UNIX
- 5Disk Operating Systems
- 6Automatic / internal, non-UNIX, and others
- 7 Home OS
- 8 Operational systems for BC
- 9Operating systems for Spectrum
- 10Application systems
- 10.1 Remote PC (PDA)
- 10.2 Smartphones
- 10.3 Routers
- 10.4 MINIATS
- 10.5 Microcontrollers, embedded operating systems, real-time operating systems
- 11 Fictional operating systems
- 12Links
- 13 Literature
Operating System Classification
Operating systems can be classified by basic technology (Unix-like or similar to Windows), license type (proprietary or open), is it currently being developed (outdated DOS or NextStep or modern Linux and Windows), for workstations (DOS, Apple) , or for servers (AIX), real-time OS and embedded OS (VxWorks, QNX), PDA, or specialized (production management, training, etc.).
Early, historically significant
- CTSS (The Compatible TimeShare System, developed at MIT - Massachusetts Institute of Technology)
- Incompatible_Timesharing_System (The Incompatible Timeshare System, developed at MIT for DEC 10/20 servers)
- THE operating system (developed by Edsger Dijkstra and others)
- MULTICS (project Bell Labs, GE, and MIT)
- Master program developed by Leo Computers, Leo III in 1962.
Early, proprietary
- Apple Computer (earlier versions were in ROM along with Integer BASIC language interpreter; later versions were bundled with Microsoft BASIC)
- Business Operating System (BOS) - Cross-platform, command-line based
- Commodore PET, Commodore 64, and Commodore VIC-20,
- The very first IBM-PC (3 OS went to the world of UCSD p-System, CPM-86, PC-DOS)
- Sinclair Micro and QX, and the like.
- TRS-DOS, ROM OS (improved Microsoft BASIC file system interpreter)
- TI99-4
- Flex (from Technical Systems Consultants for Motorola 6800-based microcomputers: SWTPC, Tano, Smoke Signal Broadcasting, Gimix, others)
- FLEX9 (from Motorola 6809 based TSC)
- mini-FLEX (from TSC for 5.25 "floppy on 6800 machines)
- HDOS - Heath DOS, for microcomputers.
- Cray Operating System for supercomputers Cray Research Inc.
Proprietary
Acorn
- Arthur
- Arx
- RISC OS
- RISCiX
Amiga
Atari ST
Apple / Macintosh
Mac OS logo
- Apple dos
- A / UX
- Prodos
- GS / OS
- Mac os
- Mac os x
- Apple darwin
Be Corporation
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Novell
- Netware 3.x, including Netware v3.12
- Netware 4.x
- Netware 5.x
- Netware 6.x
DEC / Compaq / HP
- AIS
- OS-8
- ITS (for PDP-6 and PDP-10)
- TOPS-10 (for PDP-10)
- TOPS-20 (for PDP-10)
- WAITS
- TENEX (from BBN)
- RSTS / E (worked on several types of machines, mostly PDP-11)
- RSX-11 (multi-user, multi-tasking OS for PDP-11s)
- RT-11 (single user for PDP-11)
- VMS (from DEC for the VAX computer series, later renamed to OpenVMS)
- HP-UX from HP
- OSF / 1 (from DEC; renamed twice, first to Digital UNIX, then Tru64)
Ibm
- IBSYS
- OS / 2
- OS / 2 v1.0 Released in December 1987, OS / 2 1.00 was the first operating system with i80286 built-in multitasking.
- OS / 2 v1.10SE In October 1988, OS / 2 version 1.10SE (Standard Edition) was released.
- OS / 2 v1.10EE Year 1989
- OS / 2 v1.20 Year 1989. The November version of OS / 2 1.20 (SE and EE) offered the user an improved Presentation Manager.
- OS / 2 v1.30 Year 1991. Also SE and EE)
- OS / 2 v2.00 Spring 1992. This is the first OS / 2 system that requires an i386 processor with its protected mode.
- OS / 2 v2.10 May 1993. To reduce the price of their products at the end of 1993, IBM released OS / 2 version 2.11, which did not contain Win-OS / 2 subsystems and was installed on top of Windows 3.1.
- OS / 2 v3.0 "Warp" and "Warp Connect" In October 1994, OS / 2 Warp3 debuted.
- OS / 2 v4.0 "Merlin" September 1996.
- OS / 2 Warp 4.5 Server for E-business "Aurora" In April 1999, the new IBM OS / 2 Warp4.5 Server for E-business (Aurora) was introduced to the market. Further updates were given the names CP1 and CP2 (Convenience Package), based on Aurora.
- FreeOS The first free OS / 2 creation project
- osFree TPE In December 1999, work began on osFree TPE, a freely available OS / 2 equivalent based on OS / 2 v4.0 "Merlin" source code.
- osFree In 2000, the development of a freely available OS / 2 based on L4 was started: Pistachio
- eComStation 1.x
- AIX (a kind of Unix)
- AIX / RT
- AIX / 6000
- AIX PC
- AIX / ESA
- AIX / 370
- AIX 5L
- OS / 400
- VM / CMS
- Dos / 360
- Dos / vse
- OS / 360 (the first OS developed for the System 360 architecture)
- MFT (later called OV / VS1)
- MVT (later called OV / VS2)
- Svs
- MVS (late version of MVT)
- TPF
- ALCS
- OS / 390
- z / OS, next version of IBM OS / 390
- z / VM (late version of VM)
- z / VSE (late version of VSE)
- Basic Operating System (the first OS implemented for the System 360 architecture)
- PC-DOS OEM version of MS-DOS, subsequently finalized independently.
- EC OS computer non-IBM series of IBM-compatible operating systems
ICT / ICL
Microsoft
- MSX-DOS
- MS-DOS
- Microsoft Windows
- Windows 1.0
- Windows 2.0 (for 80286)
- Windows 3.0 is the first version to have commercial success.
- Windows 3.1
- Windows 3.11
- Windows 95
- Windows 98
- Windows me
- Windows NT (developed for Microsoft by a team led by David Cutler)
- Windows NT 3.5
- Windows NT 4.0
- Windows 2000 (otherwise, Windows NT v5.0)
- Windows XP (internally based on Win2K; versions: Home, Professional, Embedded, Tablet PC Edition, Media Center Edition)
- Windows Server 2003
- Windows vista
- Windows Server 2008
- Windows 7
- Windows 8
- Xenix (licensed version of Unix; sold by SCO in the 1990s)
- Windows CE (compact edition - compact edition for handheld computers)
- Pocket PC, Windows Mobile - modern versions of Windows CE
- Windows phone
Strawberry development group
Sun microsystems
- SunOS, Unix-like
- Solaris, Unix-like, is based on SunOS 4.x (Solaris 1.x) and SunOS 5.x (Solaris 2.x, 7 and later)
- Java Desktop System
Other proprietary Unix-like and other POSIX-compatible operating systems.
- Aegis / OS (Apollo Computer)
- Cromix (Unix emulating OS from Cromemco)
- Coherent (Mark Williams Co. Emulating Unix OS for Personal Computers)
- DNIX
- Dynix
- Idris
- IRIX from SGI
- NeXTSTEP
- OPENSTEP
- OS-9 Unix-like RTOS. (Microware Emix Unix OS for Motorola 6809 processor)
- OS-9 / 68k (Microware Emulated Unix OS for Motorola 680x0; created from OS-9)
- OS-9000 (Microware Unix Portable Emulation; one of the implementations designed for Intel x86)
- Plan 9 (network OS, developed by Bell Labs Computer Research)
- Inferno (network OS, developed by Bell Labs Computer Research)
- QNX (POSIX, a microkernel operating system; used mainly in embedded real-time systems)
- Rhapsody
- RiscOS
- SCO UNIX (from Santa Cruz Operation, purchased by Caldera, later renamed to SCO)
- System V (AT & T Unix implementation, 'SVr4' 4th release). In fact, the latest "clean" UNIX. Everything else is usually called UNIX like ...
- UNIflex (Emulated Unix OS from TSC for DMA-compatible, Motorola 6809 with extended addressing; for example, SWTPC, GIMIX, ...)
- Ultrix (the first Unix version for VAX and PDP-11 from DEC, based on BSD)
- UniCOS
- Venix
Free
Open Source Unix-like
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- BSD (Berkeley Software Distribution, Unix implementation for DEC VAX)
- 386BSD (one of the open source variations of BSD)
- FreeBSD (one of the open source BSD branches)
- OpenBSD (one of the open source variations of BSD)
- NetBSD (one of the open source variations of BSD)
- DragonFly BSD (one of the open source variations of BSD)
- PC BSD (one of the open source variations of BSD)
- Midnight BSD (one of the open source variations of BSD)
- GNU / Hurd (OS, implemented as a set of servers running on the Mach microkernel)
- Hurd / L4 (OS implemented as a set of servers running on the L4 microkernel)
- GNU / Linux (see Linux)
- Linux (most free Unix-like kernel)
- Cosmoe (based on the Linux kernel and uses a lot of AtheOS code, similar to BeOS)
- OpenSolaris (Solaris Codes Discovery Project)
- Plan 9 (distributed OS, developed by Bell Labs)
- Plan B (distributed OS derived from Plan 9)
- Off ++ (distributed OS derived from Plan 9)
- Inferno (virtual OS, developed by Bell Labs)
- SSS-PC (developed at Tokyo University)
Research Unix-like
- UNIX (developed by Bell Labs in 1970, idea by Ken Thompson)
- Mach (from OS kernel developers at CMU; see NeXTSTEP)
- Minix (learning OS from Andrew Tanenbaum from the Netherlands)
- Amoeba (developed by Andrew Tanenbaum])
- K42 (developed by IBM)
Non-UNIX research
- 3OS - Object Oriented Operation System
- AROS - Amiga Research OS, AmigaOS-like for the x86 processor line
- Nemesis Research OS from the University of Cambridge - details (in English) [1]
- TUNES, 1994
- V (operating system) Stanford, early 1980s
Disk Operating Systems
- QDOS (developed by Seattle Computer Products for Intel 808x processors; also known as SCP-DOS; licensed by Microsoft - has become MS-DOS / PC-DOS)
- MS-DOS (developed by Microsoft for IBM PC-compatible machines)
- PC-DOS (IBM DOS version for PC)
- DR-DOS (MS-DOS compatible OS from Digital Research, then Novell, Caldera, Siemens AG ..; currently used for specific tasks) [2]
- FreeDOS (Free DOS, target is 100% MS-DOS compatible) [3]
- ROM-DOS (MS-DOS compatible OS from Datalight for embedded systems) [4]
- GEM (Graphical User Interface for MS-DOS / DR-DOS from Digital Research)
Author / internal, non-UNIX, and others
- AOS, new name Bluebottle (Oberon operating system)
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- AROS Open source (Amiga® Research Operating System) [5]
- AtheOS (developed on the basis of the Syllable branch)
- Bluebottle (see AOS)
- Control Program / Monitor (CP / M)
- CP / M-80 (CP / M for the Intel 8080/8085 and Zilog Z80 from Digital Research)
- CP / M-86 (CP / M for Intel 8088/86 from Digital Research)
- MP / M-80 (multi-program version CP / M-80 from Digital Research)
- MP / M-86 (multi-program version CP / M-86 from Digital Research)
- UCSD p-System (portable programming environment / operating system / virtual machine, developed by students of the University of California and San Diego; managed by Professor Ken Bowles; written in Pascal)
- FLEX9 (from TSC for Motorola 6809; heir to the FLEX that worked on the Motorola 6800)
- JavaOS (main component is Java VM)
- SSB-DOS (from TSC for Smoke Signal Broadcasting; FLEX version)
- DESQView (Multi-window Graphical User Interface for MS-DOS, 1985)
- Geos
- NewOS open source
- Oberon / operating system (developed by ETH-Zurich Niklaus Wirth and others) for Ceres and Chameleon workstations. see also Oberon (programming language)
- osFree (open source version of OS / 2, [6])
- TripOS, 1978
- VisiOn (the first graphical user interface for the PC, did not have commercial success.)
- VME from International Computers Limited (ICL)
- MorphOS (by Genesi)
- NetWare (from Novell)
- NeXTStep (more or less embedded on Mac OS X by NeXT)
- Pick (licensed and renamed)
- Primos from Prime Computer (sometimes spelled PR1MOS or PR1ME)
- Fujitsu-Siemens OSD / XC (BS2000 ported to emulate Sun to SPARC platform)
- Fujitsu OS-IV (based on IBM's early MVS)
- Fujitsu MSP (OS-IV heir)
- SkyOS (commercial OS for PC) [7]
- Haiku-OS free BeOS clone
Siemens AG [edit]
- BS1000
- BS2000
- BS3000 (functionally similar to Fujitsu's OS-IV and MSP)
- VM2000
Home OS
File: Kalibri OS Logo.jpg
- KolibriOS (the project is based on MenuetOS and is placed on a single diskette)
- LainOS (project based on FreeBSD. Navean Navi GUI from Serial Experiments Lain)
- MenuetOS (fit on one floppy disk)
- Miraculix
- Panalix
- ReactOS (free clone of Windows NT)
- Syllable (almost completely compatible with POSIX)
- Trion Operating System
- Visopsis (VISOPSYS - Visual Operating System)
- UzhOS
- XSKernel (operating system kernel project codenamed XSystem)
Operating systems for BC
Operating systems operating on BK-0010, BK-0010-01, BK-0011 and BK-0011M
- ANDOS
- MK-DOS
- CSI-DOS
- Nord
- OS BK-11 (RT-11 version)
- AO-DOS
- BASIS
- DOSB10
- PascalDOS
- Microdos
- DX-DOS
- HC-DOS
- RT-11 (in external ROM)
- NORTON-BK
- Ramon
- KMON
- Turbo-dos
- BKUNIX
Spectrum Operating Systems
- + 3DOS
- C-DOS
- CP / M
- Doors
- IS-DOS
- Pinkfloyd
- TASiS
- TR-DOS
Application Systems
Handheld Computer (PDA)
- Palm OS from Palm Inc; PalmSource divisions now
- Pocket PC, Windows Mobile from Microsoft
- EPOC, originally from Psion (UK), is currently being developed by Symbian, branded as Symbian OS
- Microsoft's Windows CE
- Linux in Sharp Zaurus
Smartphones
- Windows Mobile Smartphone based on Windows CE
- Linux MontaVista Linux on Motorola's A760, E680
- Symbian OS
Routers
- Cisco CatOS
- Cisco IOS
- Cisco IOS XR based on QNX
- Juniper Networks Junos
- LinkBuilder from 3Com
- MikroTik RouterOS by MikroTik
- Cisco PIX OS
- RapidOS from Riverstone Networks
PBX
Microcontrollers, embedded operating systems, real-time operating systems
- Contiki
- eCos
- Freertos
- INTEGRITY
- ITRON
- LynxOS [8]
- Montavista Linux
- Nucleus
- QNX
- OS-9 by Microware
- OS-9000 by Microware
- OSE from ENEA
- OSEK
- Rdos
- RTEMS initial development was carried out by order of the US Department of Defense, now opensource (GPL-like license)
- RTOS
- Threadx
- TRON OS Developer - Ken Sakamura
- uC / OS-II for microcontrollers
- µCLinux
- Vxworks
Fictional operating systems
Non-existent operating systems mentioned in jokes, books, movies, etc.
- ALTIMIT_OS - From the .hack Universe
- Hyper OS - From Patlabor
- Wheatonix - April Fool's joke.
- Digitronix - from The Hacker Files
- Luna / X - Google April 2004 Joke. [9]
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Operating Systems and System Programming
Terms: Operating Systems and System Programming