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Control games - Genres of computer games

Lecture



Это продолжение увлекательной статьи про жанры компьютерных игр.

...

противостояние в рамках правил, и никаких запрещенных приемов(«файтинги» не относятся к этому жанру). В каждом виде соревнований свои правила.

Признак: СПОРТ – Соперничество, Происходящее на, Ограниченной Рамками, Территории Игры: «Beidjing 2008», «NBA'09», «FIFA'09»
Genres of computer games

Genres of computer games
Genres of computer gamesGenres of computer games Simulator (Симулятор технических средств)
Названия: «Vehicle Simulator game»
Composition: это элементарный жанр «техника»
О жанре: С имуляция – наиболее точное воспроизведение реальности. Очень часто понятие «симулятор» используют для очень многих разнообразных жанров. Стратегию называют «симулятором полководца», Black & White — «симулятором бога», а какой-нибудь боевик — «симулятором спецназовца или наемного убийцы».
Этот подход неконструктивен, потому что на самом деле между всеми этими играми нет практически ничего общего. Пользуясь им, мы занесем в симуляторы почти все игры — а это значит, что слово будет вообще ничего не значить.

И з игр действий существует два не особенно похожих друг на друга симуляторных жанра — симулятор техники и спортивный, которых мало что роднит. «Спортивные симуляторы» на самом деле можно называть просто «спорт», но так как этот виртуальный спорт очень далек от реального, и даже противоречит спортивному образу жизни, к нему добавляют слово «симулятор».
Е динственным жанром где без слова «симулятор» не обойтись - это «симулятор технических средств», он и будет называться этим почетным словом.

Н а самом деле симулятор техники очень похож на боевик, но здесь во главу угла ставится управление не собственным телом, а каким-либо техническим средством.
С юда входят симуляторы: самолетов, танков и прочей военной техники, автомобилей, строительной техники, морских судов, космических кораблей. По большей части это всё механические средства передвижения.
Description: The main action is the simulation of real situations. Most of the screen is occupied by the inside view of the cabin of the simulated equipment. The game reproduces all the subtleties and nuances possible in a similar situation in life (which the game of any other genre will not do). For control, either almost all buttons of the keyboard or a separate control device is used.
Sign: complicated cab view
Games: "IL-2 Attack", "Silent Hunter 3", "Microsoft Flight Simulator"
Genres of computer games

Genres of computer games
Genres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer games Racing (Racing)
Names: "Car simulator", "arcade simulator" (invalid name)
Composition: "Competition", "technology"
About the genre: H apolovina "simulator", half "competition" - as a result of the "race".
In fact, 10-20% of the “simulator” remains, no more. Because of this, the genre is often incorrectly called the "arcade simulator." In the very name of this contradiction, the meaning is “an unreal imitator of reality”.

By the way, and in the "simulators", we control any technical means, but the quality of the simulation of this technique is not so important. The introduced competitive component is important.

From a yuda also include such games that at first glance do not apply to racing. For example, "Tony Hawk's Pro Skater": nobody rides, but the "simulation" of a skateboard is present, the "competitive" part, based on earning points by performing tricks, also is, then this is a race. This is a stretch to include the games of the Guitar Hero series, and here’s another musical “Audiosurf” exactly belongs to this genre.
Description: The main action is competition on a certain type of equipment. Most often this is a race on cars, but there are races on futuristic technology and on other exotic vehicles. At the same time, most of the competition comes down to the fact that the winner is the first to arrive at the finish; less often there is a competition in the number of points earned.
Sign: vehicles competing among themselves either in speed or on points
Games: “Colin McRae Dirt 2”, “Need for Speed: Underground”, “Test Drive Unlimited”, “Ballistic”, “Tony Hawk's Pro Skater”
Genres of computer games
Genres of computer games

Genres of computer games
Genres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer games Fighting (duel)
Names: "Martial arts", "DeathMatch"
Composition: "Destruction", "competition"
About the genre: With orevnovaniya to destroy rivals. These include as usual sports competitions: boxing, martial arts, fencing, wrestling; so invented bloody competition.

From the same place are three-dimensional games in the "DeathMatch". This, so to speak, "3D-Fighting".
Description: The main action is the destruction of rivals. Two or more opponents meet in the ring (or in any other limited place), fight each other with strikes, special moves, weapons. Each successful strike reduces the health of the enemy, in the end lost all health is considered the loser, the survivor - the winner. In many games, there are shouts of commentators, such as: “excellent”, “fight” and other encouraging phrases. Often at the levels are additional types of weapons.
Sign: killing rivals in tight spaces
Games: Counter-Strike, Unreal Tournament, Quake III; Mortal Kombat, Street Fighter IV, Tekken
Genres of computer games
Genres of computer games

Genres of computer games
Genres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer games Arcade Action (primitive fighter)
Names: "Gore", "meat action", "bloody shooter"
Composition: "Evasion", "destruction"
About the genre: Defonion and destruction are two of the main actions of which the arcade action consists. This is almost the usual "action", but the enemies here are more amusing.
Description: The main action is the destruction of enemies in a constant state of evasion. Enemies are stupid and rod through to the hero. Many die halfway, but their total number is so huge that the hero constantly has to dodge, cut circles around a countless crowd of enemies. In this case, the player must have room for maneuver, and the levels of the game meet these requirements - they are spacious, not burdened with unnecessary decorations.
Sign: huge crowds of enemies, spacious levels
Games: "Serious Sam: The Second Encounter", "Painkiller: Battle out of Hell", "Will Rock"
Genres of computer games
Genres of computer games

Genres of computer games
Genres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer games Platformer (Platformer)
Names:
Composition: "Picking up", "dodging"
About the genre: In very distant times, when all the “motion games” were two-dimensional, the elements of the platformer were present everywhere, the boundaries of the genre were blurred. Now - it can be very clearly identified.

The main part of such games is “evading” from traps, avoiding precipices, holes and other dangers. And the “Gathering” in the platformers fades into the background (compared to the arcades).
Description: The main action is jumping. Most often these are two-dimensional games (side view), however, there are also three-dimensional games, the gameplay of which is built on solid jumps alone.
P ryzhki needed to overcome obstacles - precipices, traps, enemies. Levels are built from different platforms (platforms are rectangular islands hanging in the air or raised above the general ground level on which to stand).
And the gory process is quite simple, so it is diluted with a system of bonuses: the scoring of points, gradually opening elements of the game.
Sign: side view, many platforms, pits and traps
Games: Super Meat Boy, N, Super Mario, Sonic the Hedgehog; Mirror's Edge
Genres of computer games
Genres of computer games

Genres of computer games
Genres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer games Slasher (battle)
Names: "Rubilovo"
Composition: "Collecting", "evasion", "destruction"
About the genre: The meaning of such games is the overcoming of obstacles in the form of enemies, with the help of the actions of “evasion” and “destruction”. The most difficult and spectacular "battles" are when the main character is armed with knives (therefore the genre is often associated with the sword battle), but there are other types of weapons in the "slashers": bows, crossbows, combat magic, and even firearms ("Devil May Cry ").
The main difference from the “militants” (where the main thing is accuracy and speed) is strong enemies, which force the player to constantly maneuver, “evade”. In the games of the genre there are bosses (the most powerful and complex behavior of the enemies).
Description: The main action is the destruction of powerful enemies. Enemies live much longer than in the average "action movie", they are killed only in close combat and with great difficulty. To successfully play such games, you need to study the behavior of enemies, find weak spots, strike in time, block enemy attacks.
Sign: entertainment, strong enemies, big and complex bosses
Games: "Darksiders: Wrath of War", "Devil May Cry 4", "Enclave", "Legacy of Kain"
Genres of computer games
Genres of computer games
Genres of computer games

Genres of computer games
Genres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer games Battle Racing (Races-battles)
Names: "Simulator", "Technical Combat", "Death Racing"
Composition: "Destruction", "competition", "technology"
About the genre: On the usual "race", but with the use of weapons and the "destruction" of enemies. Less often, there is a “competition” in “destruction” on a “technique” (game modes “Unreal Tournament”, “Battlefield”).
Description: The main action is a competition on a certain type of equipment with the destruction of opponents. There may be several options: either these are “races” with a rare use of weapons, or the use of weapons is very significant (“Carmaggedon”), or only the destruction of opponents and nothing more is required (CrashDay modes).
Sign: vehicles equipped with means of destruction
Games: “World of Tanks”, “Split / Second”, “Blur”, “Carmaggedon”, “CrashDay”, “Ace Combat”
Genres of computer games
Genres of computer games
Genres of computer games

Genres of computer games
Genres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer games Action (thriller)
Names: 3D-Action, Shooter, FPS, TPS, Beat 'em up, Shooter, or 3D-Shooter (invalid name)
Composition: "Dodge", "destruction", "competition"
About the genre: With the help of “avoidance” and “destruction”, the enemies are not as stupid as in the “Arcade Action”, and not as complex as in the “Slasher”, they have equal opportunities with the player as in the “competitions”.
For some time before the word action traditionally written "3D". The main thing in action games is entertainment, so the militants must be at the forefront of progress, using the newest special effects and technologies. Therefore, they are all three-dimensional and very beautiful, but they also become obsolete quickly against the background of the novelties of the genre.
Description: The main action is the destruction of enemies of equal strength. Since there are many enemies, and the player has only one character, in the form of compensation, this character is endowed with various special moves or inhuman abilities (“slo-mo”, recovery of health, time management). If there are no special moves, they are replaced by a large arsenal of weapons, stronger than those of enemies.
Sign: battle with enemies of equal strength
Games: "Half-Life", "BioShock", "Max Payne"
Genres of computer games
Genres of computer games
Genres of computer games

Genres of computer games
Genres of computer gamesGenres of computer games Open Action
Names: "GTA-like game"
Composition: "Collecting", "evasion", "destruction", "competition", "technology", "exploring the world"
About the genre: This is the so-called "GTA-like games." Officially, they have not yet come up with a name, but “Open Action” (by analogy with “Open RPG”) is quite suitable for the name.

" E kshn" with advanced features. “The study of the world” is added to the usual components, which means more freedom in space (and, as a consequence, the appearance of “technology”). But at the same time there is often no freedom in role-playing communication. It turns out this "Open RPG", in which the main thing is not the plot, but the action.

It’s very simple to distinguish “Open Action” from other action films: they have a global map, and you can easily get to any point of this map, it does not change from mission to mission like in all other action films (for example, FarCry was close to the “Open RPG ”, all the elements were, but there was not one big permanent card, so the result was a linear action movie with very great freedom, and already“ FarCry 2 ″ corrected this deficiency and began to relate to «Open Action’).
Description: The main action is the "destruction" of enemies in a vast open area. Usually in such games, megapolis cities, sometimes small cities and the territory adjacent to them, sometimes completely wild lands, act as a world to explore. Most often there is a "technique" of all kinds: cars, motorcycles, helicopters, airplanes, boats, horses. But the complete lack of technology does not mean that such a game does not belong to the genre (“STALKER”).
Sign: global map, you can return to any place at any time
Games: "Grand Theif Auto III", "Mafia", "Gun", "STALKER"
Genres of computer games
Genres of computer games
Genres of computer games
Genres of computer games
Genres of computer games

Genres of computer games


Control games

The group of "control games" consists of those games, the main essence of which is event planning and management to achieve an advantage in the future. All kinds of strategies, various economic games, wargames, tactics come here.

The middle of the group is “Strategy” (the usual local strategy).

At one boundary of the group there is a game in the name of result and achievement of a goal, on the other border of the opposite is a game in the name of the game process itself. All genres of the group lie between these two extremes.
Genres of computer gamesGenres of computer games Logic (Logic games)
Names:
Composition: this is an elementary genre of "planning"
About the genre: About usually "logical games", "intellectual games" and "puzzles" are lumped together, calling them "casual." They are united only by the abstractness of what is happening on the screen, there are no more similarities. "Intellectual" are solved with the help of previously accumulated knowledge, "puzzles" - with the help of knowledge obtained during the game. “Logical”, on the other hand, needs to be solved through the planning of all its subsequent actions.

A prime example of a logical game is tag. The information obtained here will give nothing, unlike the "puzzles". The rules here are simple and clear from the very beginning: there is a free cell, it can be filled with any neighboring element, as a result, the neighboring cell will become free. Everything is simple, but in one move it will not work, a lot of random moves will not help either. Planning is needed.

This genre lies at the junction with motion games. This includes all sorts of Tetris, solitaire, "balls" and other, seemingly simple, games.
Description: The main action is the planning of all subsequent actions. Logic games are very abstract: they use various cubes, balls, cards - nothing real. The rules of the game are not a secret. A player can perform simple, primitive actions that in themselves make little difference, but a certain combination or sequence of these actions can lead to the achievement of a goal.
And sometimes logical games are endless ("Tetris"). This does not mean that there is no ultimate goal in them, in such games the goal is to survive as long as possible.
Sign: rules are known, a complicated combination of simple actions is necessary for victory
Games: Fifteen, Tetris, Zuma, Solitaire
Genres of computer games

Genres of computer games
Genres of computer gamesGenres of computer games Tactic (Tactical game)
Names:
Composition: This elementary genre of "tactics" - well-coordinated interaction.
About the genre: Yuda includes those games where one player controls several characters so that each takes the same amount of time (and not so that one of them leads, all the others are slaves). To do this, you need either step-by-step mode, or slow gameplay in real time.

T action games are very close to role-playing games. The mission of a tactical game is a classic role-playing game without plot excesses, but with an emphasis on combat mechanics. The genre of "tactics" is one of the genres of role-playing games - "jRPG" (in them the main character is always a group of heroes).
Description: The main action is the harmonious interaction of the characters. In tactics, each fighter is an individuality, he develops, equips himself in various ways, uses many techniques, has a role system, forcing the player to give him only those orders that will correspond to the chosen class. Each individually fulfills its role, as a result coherent interaction results.
Sign: several heroes, among them there is no main
Games: Commandos 2: Men of Courage, Silent Storm, Jagged Alliance 2
Genres of computer games

Genres of computer games
Genres of computer gamesGenres of computer games MicroControl (microcontrol)
Names: "Commander simulator" (wrong name)
Composition: This elementary genre "microcontrol" - minimizing losses
About the genre: This is the emitation of military leadership. It would seem that this is the same as “tactics” - harmonious interaction. Но в отличие от «тактики» здесь в подчинении намного больше существ (обычно существа объединяются в отряды), и битвы часто происходят в реальном времени. Невозможно успеть командовать одновременно всеми, поэтому идеальное слаженное взаимодействие - недостижимая цель.
В сё сводится к тому, что приходится очень быстро решать: «Что на данный момент важнее?», «Что лучше уничтожить у врага?», «чем своим можно пожертвовать ради этого?».
В «тактике» всё можно закончить без жертв со своей стороны. В «микроконтроле» же - редко когда битва обходится без жертв.
Description: Г лавное действие — управление отрядами в реальном времени. Обычно эти игры воспроизводят реально происходившие массовые сражения. Игрок выступает в роли полководца одной из воюющих сторон.
Признак: большое войско в подчинении, не пошаговый режим, и как следствие – неминуемые потери
Игры: сражения из серии игр «Total War»
Genres of computer games

Genres of computer games
Genres of computer gamesGenres of computer games City-building (градострой)
Названия: «градостроительный симулятор» или «симулятор мэра»
Composition: это элементарный жанр «развитие»
О жанре: Ч то нужно для «развития»? Нужны начальные ресурсы, которые будут вложены в постройку зданий. Всё что предстоит делать игроку в играх этого жанра – тратить деньги на постройку зданий.
Description: Г лавное действие — распределение доступных ресурсов для развития. В подчинении игрока находятся ресурсы (деньги, стройматериалы, строители, свободная для застройки земля), их нужно с умом использовать для развития (обычно постройка города). Причем ресурсы есть у игрока с самого начала, и ему не приходится их зарабатывать во время игры (пополнение ресурсов либо слабо зависит от действий игрока, либо оно происходит автоматически с течением времени, либо ресурсы вообще бесконечны).
Н икаких сложностей не возникает, конечные цели практически отсутствуют, затягивает сам процесс.
Признак: доступные ресурсы, развитие и постройка зданий
Игры: «SimCity 4», «Caesar IV», «Cities XL 2011»
Genres of computer games

Genres of computer games
Genres of computer gamesGenres of computer games Life Sim (сим)
Названия: «симулятор жизни», «Artipicial Life game», «Social simulation game»
Composition: это элементарный жанр «забота»
О жанре: Т акие игры называют «симуляторами жизни». Самый известный представитель – «The Sims». Лучше всего таким играм подходит название «симулятор родительской заботы».
С юда же относятся игры-тамагочи, симуляторы домашних животных.
Description: Г лавное в таких играх сам процесс. Наблюдаем за подопечными персонажами, они живут сами по себе, без нашего участия. У них есть текущие цели, есть долгосрочные цели, есть параметры, которые должны быть постоянно в норме (сытость, радость, энергия, комфорт).
И грок может лишь создавать для персонажей текущие цели. Больше ничем управлять нельзя. Остальные движения персонажи делают по своему усмотрению, иногда не сразу выполняет поставленную игроком цель.
Признак: удовлетворение потребностей персонажа
Игры: «The Sims 2», «Singles», тамагочи
Genres of computer games

Genres of computer games
Genres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer games Manager (Менеджер)
Названия: «Tycoon»
Composition: «развитие», «забота»
О жанре: Э то те же самые стратегии «развития», но вместо объекта управления не большой самодостаточный город, а отдельное заведение, ориентированное на посетителей. Управляемые заведения могут быть самыми различными: парк развлечений, ресторан, гостиница, зоопарк, курорт, обычный магазин. Сюда же относятся спортивные менеджеры.
Description: Г лавное действие — «развитие» за счет удовлетворения потребностей других. Прибыль зависит не только от действий игрока, но и от действий посетителей заведения (которые не контролируются игроком). У посетителей заведений типа магазина-зоопарка-курорта, есть простейший набор целей, и главное - у них есть деньги. Задача игрока исполнять все прихоти посетителей и получать за это деньги.
Признак: в подчинении - заведение, источник ресурсов - посетители
Игры: «The Movies», «RollerCoaster Tycoon 3», «Theme Park»
Genres of computer games
Genres of computer games

Genres of computer games
Genres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer games Economical (экономическая стратегия)
Названия:
Composition: «микроконтроль», «развитие»
О жанре: И з элемента «развитие» взята возможность строить, тратить деньги; из «микроконтроля» - множество объектов в подчинении и неминуемые потери, которые необходимо минимизировать.

В ыглядят такие игры как обычные «стратегии», но боевых подразделений либо очень мало, либо они совсем отсутствуют. Экономика основана на добыче ресурсов, преобразовании их в товары, и наконец, их продаже или использовании для своих нужд. В хороших экономических стратегиях нужно не только продавать, но и покупать товары у других, сказывается дефицит определенных товаров; лишних денег не бывает, приходиться с умом выбирать каждую постройку и покупку.
Description: У игрока есть некое подобие города с различными видами зданий. Город постепенно развивается, появляются новые задания, построенные на деньги и другие ресурсы. Чтобы получить деньги, нужно что-то производить в уже построенных здания и продавать это кому-нибудь. Отличительная черта игр этого жанра – огромное количество видов ресурсов, товаров, валют, мест сбыта.
Признак: множество видов товаров и ресурсов
Игры: «Anno 1404», «Tropico 3», «Stronghold: Crusader»
Genres of computer games
Genres of computer games

Genres of computer games
Genres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer games Wargame (военная игра)
Названия:
Composition: «тактика», «микроконтроль»
О жанре: Э то «микроконтроль», но с намного большим использованием «тактики». К ак и в «тактике» - есть слаженное взаимодействие, как и в «микроконтроле» – есть множество подчиненных, частью из которых непременно придется пожертвовать.
С остав армии, количество различных видов подразделений определяется в начале сражения и уже больше не изменяется во время игры, что заставляет побеждать именно «тактикой», а не количеством войск как в обычной «стратегии».
Description: С самого начала и до конца миссии под управлением игрока находится несколько боевых подразделений. Впереди неизведанная территория с возможными засадами и ловушками. Цель каждой миссии - выполнить все поставленные задачи, полученные во время брифинга. Действия могут происходить пошагово или в режиме реального времени, но в любом случае всегда можно остановиться и обдумывать свои дальнейшие действия.
Признак: в подчинении небольшое войско, в котором нужно беречь каждый юнит
Игры: «Blitzkrieg», «Close Combat», «World War II: Frontline Command»
Genres of computer games
Genres of computer games

Genres of computer games
Genres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer gamesGenres of computer games Cardgame (карточная ролевая

продолжение следует...

Продолжение:


Часть 1 Genres of computer games
Часть 2 Control games - Genres of computer games
Часть 3 - Genres of computer games


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Computer games developming

Terms: Computer games developming