This is a Marx generator, a circuit that uses spark gaps to create a high-voltage pulse. A 5 kV input voltage charges the capacitors until the first spark gap reaches its breakdown voltage and fires. This causes a large voltage to be applied to the second spark gap, which also causes it to fire. All the spark gaps fire in turn, creating a pulse of about 18 kV. This circuit seems to rely on the parasitic capacitance of the resistors for its operation. The resistors in this simulator have no capacitance, so 10 pF capacitors were added to make the circuit work. If you were building this circuit in real life, you would not need them.
This page is a utility for simulating marx generator online with specified initial values.
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